C语言clock()测试函数运行时间

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-23 14:59:28 发布

gerrylon007

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-23 14:59:28 发布

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运行环境:
win10家庭版 64位
MinGW.org GCC-6.3.0-1

以下英文解释引自man page: man 3 clock

DESCRIPTION
The clock() function returns an approximation of processor time used by the program.

RETURN VALUE
The value returned is the CPU time used so far as a clock_t; to get the number of seconds used, divide by
CLOCKS_PER_SEC. If the processor time used is not available or its value cannot be represented, the function
returns the value (clock_t) -1.

clock()函数返回程序占用的处理器时间粗略值, 要想获得实际的秒数, 最后要除以CLOCKS_PER_SEC。

这个CLOCKS_PER_SEC是什么东西? 在time.h中有如下定义:

/* Number of clock ticks per second. A clock tick is the unit by which
 * processor time is measured and is returned by 'clock'.
 */
#define CLOCKS_PER_SEC	((clock_t)(1000))
#define CLK_TCK 	CLOCKS_PER_SEC

当然这个CLOCKS_PER_SEC不一定是1000, 各个系统可能不太一样, 所以还是使用常量.
CLK_TCK也可以用, 不过已经过时了, 最好是使用CLOCKS_PER_SEC常量.

那如何用它来测试程序执行时间呢？
演示代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>

int f1() {
    int i;
    int j;
    int tmp;
    int loopNum = 10000;
    for (i = 0; i < loopNum; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < loopNum; j++) {
            tmp = i * j;
        }
    }
    return tmp;
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    const int N = 1e2;
    int i = 0;
    clock_t start, end;
    start = clock();
    for (; i < N; i++) {
        f1();
    }
    end = clock();
    printf("time: %f s\n", ((double)(end - start)) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC / N);
    return 0;
}