Spring ResourceLoader-DefaultResourceLoader从classpath加载文件

首先看一段代码 ，以下这段代是码是从classpath中加载资源

DefaultResourceLoader resourceLoader = new DefaultResourceLoader();
Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:test/a/");
URL url = resource.getURL();
... //根据url读取文件

org.springframework.core.io.DefaultResourceLoader.getResource(String)源码如下:

	public Resource getResource(String location) {
		Assert.notNull(location, "Location must not be null");

		for (ProtocolResolver protocolResolver : this.protocolResolvers) {
			Resource resource = protocolResolver.resolve(location, this);
			if (resource != null) {
				return resource;
			}
		}

		if (location.startsWith("/")) {
			return getResourceByPath(location);
		}
		else if (location.startsWith(CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX)) {
			return new ClassPathResource(location.substring(CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX.length()), getClassLoader());
		}
		else {
			try {
				// Try to parse the location as a URL...
				URL url = new URL(location);
				return new UrlResource(url);
			}
			catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
				// No URL -> resolve as resource path.
				return getResourceByPath(location);
			}
		}
	}

代码中红色标记处是处理从classpath中加载资源的，这里创建一个个ClassPathResource实例，第二个参数是设置一个classloader， 再看 org.springframework.core.io.DefaultResourceLoader.getClassLoader方法:

@Override

public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {

return (this.classLoader != null ? this.classLoader : ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader());

}

我们没有对this.classLoader赋值，默认为null, 继续看ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader()方法:

	public static ClassLoader getDefaultClassLoader() {
		ClassLoader cl = null;
		try {
			cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			// Cannot access thread context ClassLoader - falling back...
		}
		if (cl == null) {
			// No thread context class loader -> use class loader of this class.
			cl = ClassUtils.class.getClassLoader();
			if (cl == null) {
				// getClassLoader() returning null indicates the bootstrap ClassLoader
				try {
					cl = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					// Cannot access system ClassLoader - oh well, maybe the caller can live with null...
				}
			}
		}
		return cl;
	}

红色标记处，显示使用ClasspathResource使用的ClassLoader为: Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();

当前线程的ContextClassLoader， 这个和当前程序运行在哪种容器(或环境)有关了

比如运行在Tomcat8.5.6容器中，ContextClassLoader为: org.apache.catalina.loader.ParallelWebappClassLoader

再回过头来看，org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getURL()方法:

public URL getURL() throws IOException {

URL url = resolveURL();

if (url == null) {

throw new FileNotFoundException(getDescription() + " cannot be resolved to URL because it does not exist");

}

return url;

}

继续看,org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.resolveURL():

protected URL resolveURL() {

if (this.clazz != null) {

return this.clazz.getResource(this.path);

}

else if (this.classLoader != null) {

return this.classLoader.getResource(this.path);

}

else {

return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(this.path);

}

}

方法实现中

如果设置了clazz调用clazz.getResource，否则

如果设置了classLoader调用classLoader.getResource，否则

使用 ClassLoader.getSystemResource

还是以我们运行在Tomcat8.5.6为例，就会调用 org.apache.catalina.loader.ParallelWebappClassLoader.getResource，通过tomcat文档 https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/class-loader-howto.html 看到

Therefore, from the perspective of a web application, class or resource loading looks in the following repositories, in this order:

• Bootstrap classes of your JVM
• /WEB-INF/classes of your web application
• /WEB-INF/lib/*.jar of your web application
• System class loader classes (described above)
• Common class loader classes (described above)

所以资源加载顺序为

1. WEB-INF\classes  

2.classpath

3. $CATALINA_BASE/lib

说到底spring的ResouceLoader就是根据我们设置的ClassLoader来进行资源加载