Java职责链模式的简单理解

设计模式之-职责链模式

定义：在责任链中由处理者动态的处理任务，客户端并不知道是哪一个对象处理的。

包含：

1. 有多个类作为处理对象，并形成一个环装（生产线）
2. 请求类（一批任务下来）
3. 处理类（工头分配任务）

实例：学校报销
<5000元可以交给主任报销
5000<X<10000 可以交给院长处理
10000< X< 30000 可以交给副校长处理
>30000 交给校长处理

需求请求类

/**
 * 请求类
 */
public class PurchaseRequest {
    private int type=0;//请求类型
    private int number=0;
    private float price=0.0f;//花费的金额
    private int id = 0;//编号

    /**
     * 构造器
     * @param type
     * @param id
     * @param price
     */
    public PurchaseRequest(int type, int id, float price) {
        this.type = type;
        this.id=id;
        this.price = price;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public int getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
}

处理人Handler

public  abstract class Approver {
    Approver approver;//下一个处理者
    String name;//名字
    public Approver(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    //下一个处理者
    public void setApprover(Approver approver) {
        this.approver = approver;
    }

    //处理审批请求的方法，得到一个请求，处理是子类完成的，因此该方法做成抽象
    public abstract void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest);
}

处理者

主任（小于5000处理）：

public class DepartmentApprover extends Approver {

    public DepartmentApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if (purchaseRequest.getPrice()<=5000){
            System.out.println("请求编号id= "+ purchaseRequest.getId() +"被"+this.name+"处理");
        }else {
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}

院长（5000，10000）

public class CollegeApprover  extends Approver{
    public CollegeApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if (purchaseRequest.getPrice()>5000 && 10000>=purchaseRequest.getPrice()){
            System.out.println("请求编号id= "+ purchaseRequest.getId() +"被"+this.name+"处理");
        }else {
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}

副校长（10000，30000）

public class ViceSchoolMasterApprover extends Approver {
    public ViceSchoolMasterApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if (purchaseRequest.getPrice() >10000 && 30000>purchaseRequest.getPrice()){
            System.out.println("请求编号id= "+ purchaseRequest.getId() +"被"+this.name+"处理");
        }else {
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}

校长（大于30000处理）

public class SchoolMasterApprover  extends Approver{
    public SchoolMasterApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if (purchaseRequest.getPrice()>=30000){
            System.out.println("请求编号id= "+ purchaseRequest.getId() +"被"+this.name+"处理");
        }else {
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}

Client调用（Main函数）

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建一个请求
        PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest = new PurchaseRequest(1, 2,5000);

        //创建相关的审批人
        DepartmentApprover departmentApprover = new DepartmentApprover("张主任");
        CollegeApprover collegeApprover = new CollegeApprover("李院长");
        ViceSchoolMasterApprover viceSchoolMasterApprover = new ViceSchoolMasterApprover("王副校长");
        SchoolMasterApprover schoolMasterApprover = new SchoolMasterApprover("奎校长");


        //需要将各个审批的下一个人处理好(处理人形成环状:)
        departmentApprover.setApprover(collegeApprover);
        collegeApprover.setApprover(viceSchoolMasterApprover);
        viceSchoolMasterApprover.setApprover(schoolMasterApprover);
        schoolMasterApprover.setApprover(departmentApprover);

        
        departmentApprover.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
    }
}