Android学习之系统默认路径

相信很多新手对于Android的一些系统默认路径不太了解，在这里以5.1的Nexus5为例来介绍一下，

Environment.getDataDirectory().getPath()=/data
Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory().getPath()=/cache
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()=/storage/emulated/0
Environment.getRootDirectory().getPath()=/system
//警报的铃声
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_ALARMS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Alarms
//相机拍摄的图片和视频保存的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/DCIM
//下载文件保存的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Download
//电影保存的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Movies
//音乐保存的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Music
//通知音保存的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Notifications
//下载的图片保存的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Pictures
//用于保存podcast（博客）的音频文件
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PODCASTS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Podcasts
//保存铃声的位置
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_RINGTONES).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Ringtones
context.getCacheDir().getPath()=/data/data/包名/cache
context.getFilesDir().getPath()=/data/data/包名/files
context.getObbDir().getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/obb/包名
context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/cache
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_ALARMS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Alarms
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/DCIM
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Download
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Movies
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Music
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Notifications
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Pictures
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PODCASTS).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Podcasts
context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_RINGTONES).getPath()=/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/包名/files/Ringtones
context.getDatabasePath("XXX").getPath()=/data/data/包名/databases/XXX
context.getPackageCodePath()=/data/app/包名-2/base.apk
context.getPackageResourcePath()=/data/app/包名-2/base.apk

类：

package com.mufeng.toolproject.utils;
 
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Environment;
 
/**
 * Created by mufeng on 2017/3/11.
 */
public class DirectoryUtils {
    private static final String TAG = "DirectoryUtils";
 
    public static void getEnvironmentDirectories() {
        //:/system
        String rootDir = Environment.getRootDirectory().toString();
        System.out.println("Environment.getRootDirectory()=:" + rootDir);
 
        //:/data 用户数据目录
        String dataDir = Environment.getDataDirectory().toString();
        System.out.println("Environment.getDataDirectory()=:" + dataDir);
 
        //:/cache 下载缓存内容目录
        String cacheDir = Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory().toString();
        System.out.println("Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory()=:" + cacheDir);
 
        //:/mnt/sdcard或者/storage/emulated/0或者/storage/sdcard0 主要的外部存储目录
//这个不一定是外部存储
        String storageDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
        System.out.println("Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()=:" + storageDir);
 
        //:/mnt/sdcard/Pictures或者/storage/emulated/0/Pictures或者/storage/sdcard0/Pictures
        String publicDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES).toString();
        System.out.println("Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory()=:" + publicDir);
 
        //获取SD卡是否存在:mounted
        String storageState = Environment.getExternalStorageState().toLowerCase();
        System.out.println("Environment.getExternalStorageState()=:" + storageState);
 
        //设备的外存是否是用内存模拟的，是则返回true。(API Level 11)
        boolean isEmulated = Environment.isExternalStorageEmulated();
        System.out.println("Environment.isExternalStorageEmulated()=:" + isEmulated);
 
        //设备的外存是否是可以拆卸的，比如SD卡，是则返回true。(API Level 9)
        boolean isRemovable = Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable();
        System.out.println("Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()=:" + isRemovable);
    }
 
    public static void getApplicationDirectories(Context context) {
 
        //获取当前程序路径 应用在内存上的目录 :/data/data/com.mufeng.toolproject/files
        String filesDir = context.getFilesDir().toString();
        System.out.println("context.getFilesDir()=:" + filesDir);
 
        //应用的在内存上的缓存目录 :/data/data/com.mufeng.toolproject/cache
        String cacheDir = context.getCacheDir().toString();
        System.out.println("context.getCacheDir()=:" + cacheDir);
 
        //应用在外部存储上的目录 :/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.mufeng.toolproject/files/Movies
        String externalFilesDir = context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES).toString();
        System.out.println("context.getExternalFilesDir()=:" + externalFilesDir);
 
        //应用的在外部存储上的缓存目录 :/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.mufeng.toolproject/cache
        String externalCacheDir = context.getExternalCacheDir().toString();
        System.out.println("context.getExternalCacheDir()=:" + externalCacheDir);
 
        //获取该程序的安装包路径 :/data/app/com.mufeng.toolproject-3.apk
        String packageResourcePath = context.getPackageResourcePath();
        System.out.println("context.getPackageResourcePath()=:" + packageResourcePath);
 
        //获取程序默认数据库路径 :/data/data/com.mufeng.toolproject/databases/mufeng
        String databasePat = context.getDatabasePath("mufeng").toString();
        System.out.println("context.getDatabasePath(\"mufeng\")=:" + databasePat);
 
 
    }
}