Mybatis入门及配置详解

闲来无聊，自己学习一下MyBatis框架，没想到书上简单的东西，作为新手居然花了一个下午才把环境搭建完，记录一下，以便以后查看

1、MyBatis介绍

• MyBatis 的前身是 iBatis，iBatis一词来源于"internet"和"abatis"的组合，是一个基于Java的持久层框架
• MyBatis是支持普通SQL查询，存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架
• MyBatis消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及结果集的检索
• MyBatis使用简单的XML或注解用于配置和原始映射

2.开发环境

   Eclipse4.3(额外下载MyBatis Generator插件)

  MyBatis3.3的jar包

  Oracle11g

  ojdbc.jar

3.开发准备

3.1）在Oracle数据库中创建INFOS表，包含字段ID，STUID，STUNAME，GENDER

3.2）在New Project中创建新项目MybatisGenerat后，再选择由MyBatis Gerator插件提供逆向生成工具

3.3）在生成的generatorConfig.xml文件中将对应参数进行修改，如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
 "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd" >
<generatorConfiguration >
  <context id="Test" >
    <jdbcConnection driverClass="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" 
    connectionURL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.xxx.xxx:1521:tc83" userId="admin" password="admin" />
    <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="orm" targetProject="Test" />
    <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="orm" targetProject="Test" />
    <javaClientGenerator targetPackage="orm" targetProject="Test" type="XMLMAPPER" />
    <table schema="admin" tableName="INFOS" >
    	<generatedKey column = "id" sqlStatement="select S_incret.nextval from dual"
    		identity="false"/>
    </table>
  </context>
</generatorConfiguration>

修改后右键点击生成的XML文件选择如下选项后既生成数据库中标对应的POJO对象

3.4）新建Web项目MyBatisTest,在WEB-INF文件下的lib文件中将ojdbc.jar，mybatis-3.3.0.jar包导入并在项目中引用

3.4.1.

新建mybatis-config.xml文件置于dbtools包下，该配置文件主要定义了如何连接数据库以及数据库所必须的username,password及url等参数

mybatisconfig.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
 <configuration>
<!-- 当时把environments写成enviorments没把我郁闷死，细节决定成败。主要表示默认是开发模式-->
 <environments default="development">
         <environment id="development">
             <transactionManager type="JDBC" />
             <!-- 配置数据库连接信息 -->
             <dataSource type="POOLED">
                 <property name="driver" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
                 <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.xxx.xxx:1521:TC83"/>
               	 <property name="username" value="admin" />
                 <property name="password" value="admin" />
             </dataSource>
         </environment>
     </environments>

     <!-- 映射文件 -->
     <mappers>
     	<mapper resource="orm/InfosMapping.xml"/>
     </mappers>
 </configuration>

3.4.2新建orm包，将刚才逆向生成的java文件放入该包中，并新建InfosMapping.xml文件

InfosMapping.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!-- 如果是比较懒是复制粘贴网上的头文件配置，务必记得下面是 DOCTYPE mapper ，否则会报头文件错误信息-->
 <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<!-- mapper的命名空间 -->
 <mapper namespace = "mybatis.testcurd">
  	<insert id="insertInfo" parameterType="orm.Infos">
<!-- 这里的resultType务必要跟反向生成POJO文件中id类型相同，这段话的意思是ID是根据数据库中序列自增添加的 -->
        <selectKey resultType="java.lang.Short" keyProperty="id"
  		order="BEFORE">
  		select S_incret.nextval from dual
  		</selectKey>
  		insert into
  		INFOS(STUID,STUNAME,GENDER,ID) 
  		values(#{stuid},#{stuname},#{gender},#{id})
  	</insert>
  	<select id="getInfoById" parameterType="int" resultType="orm.Infos">
  		select * from
  		infos where id=#{id}
  	</select>
  	<delete id="deleteInfoById" parameterType="int">
  		delete from 
  		infos where id=#{id}
  	</delete>
  	<select id="selectAllInfo" resultType="orm.Infos">
  	select * from infos
  	</select>
  	<update id="updateInfosById" parameterType="orm.Infos">
  		update infos set stuid=#{stuid},stuname=#{stuname},gender=#{gender},id=#{id}
  		where id=#{id}
  	</update>
  </mapper>

3.4.3   在dbtools包下新建 GetSqlSession.java,其实这里最好使用单例模式写，因为关乎SqlSessionFactory生命周期问题，为了更直观表示就先写成这样了，下一篇改过来（实际项目中请务必写成单例模式）

package dbtools;

import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

public class GetSqlSession {
	public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
                //由于我的mybatis-config.xml文件与GetSqlSession.java是在同一包下，所以直接用名字代替，务必注意路径问题，这些小问题很烦人的
                String resource="mybatis-config.xml";
		InputStream input=GetSqlSession.class.getResourceAsStream(resource);
		 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(input);
		SqlSession sqlsession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		return sqlsession;
	}
}

3.4.4.  新建包controler，并新建Servlet    InsertInfo.java文件用于插入多条记录（后面附上CRUD其他操作）

/**
 * 
 */
package controler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import dbtools.GetSqlSession;
import orm.Infos;


public class InsertInfos extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse reponse){
		Infos info=new Infos();
		info.setStuid("stu001");
		info.setStuname("mark");
		info.setGender("Boy");
		SqlSession sqlSession=GetSqlSession.getSqlSession();
                //对应InfosMapping.xml文件中namespace与方法的id
                sqlSession.insert("mybatis.testcurd.insertInfo",info);
		System.out.println(info.getId());
		sqlSession.commit();
		sqlSession.close();
	}
}<span style="font-size:14px;">
</span>

3.4.5 web.xml文件配置servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Test</servlet-name>    <!-- 名字随便 -->
        <servlet-class>controler.InsertInfos</servlet-class>    <!-- servlet类名-->
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Test</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/Test</url-pattern>    <!-- url访问虚拟路径，最后我们就是通过工程名/login进行访问的，像这样http://127.0.0.1:8000/LoginAction/login-->
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3.5）完整项目列表（当时疏忽将controler包携程controoler了，丢人啊）

通过Tomcat运行servlet后查看数据库表中是否添加字段就能知道成功没啦

4.0 遇到的问题

本来感觉挺简单的框架搭建结果却搞了我一下午，主要遇到了以下问题

1.路径问题，mybatis中文件间的映射导致路径必须要小心小心再小心。

2.粗心问题，编写代码粗心总是将一些固定的东西写成习以为常的错误，主要还是代码敲的太少了

3.类型问题，在Mapping文件中的数据类型务必要与反向生成的POJO文件一致，否则会出现无法插入的问题

附：

1.查找某个ID的数据

package controler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import dbtools.GetSqlSession;
import orm.Infos;

public class GetInfosById extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse reponse){
		SqlSession sqlSession=GetSqlSession.getSqlSession();
		Infos info=sqlSession.selectOne("mybatis.testcurd.getInfoById", 1);
		System.out.println(info.getStuid());
		System.out.println(info.getStuname());
		System.out.println(info.getClass());
		System.out.println(info.getId());
		sqlSession.commit();
		sqlSession.close();
	}
}

2.查询所有记录

package controler;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import dbtools.GetSqlSession;
import orm.Infos;


public class GetAllInfos extends HttpServlet {

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  {
		try {
			SqlSession sqlSession=GetSqlSession.getSqlSession();
			List<Infos> listInfos=sqlSession.selectList("mybatis.testcurd.selectAllInfo");
			for(int i = 0;i<listInfos.size();i++){
				Infos info=listInfos.get(i);
				System.out.println(info.getStuid()+info.getStuname()+info.getClass());
			}
			sqlSession.commit();
			sqlSession.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}



}

3.更新记录

package controoler;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import dbtools.GetSqlSession;
import orm.Infos;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UpdateInfosById
 */
@WebServlet("/UpdateInfosById")
public class UpdateInfosById extends HttpServlet {

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		try {
			SqlSession sqlsession = GetSqlSession.getSqlSession();
			Infos info = sqlsession.selectOne("mybatis.testcurd.getInfoById", 1);
			info.setStuname("Liming");
			sqlsession.update("mybatis.testcurd.updateInfosById", info);
			sqlsession.commit();
			sqlsession.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

4.删除记录

package controoler;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import dbtools.GetSqlSession;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class DeleteInfoById
 */
@WebServlet("/DeleteInfoById")
public class DeleteInfoById extends HttpServlet {
	
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	try {
		SqlSession sqlsession =GetSqlSession.getSqlSession();
		sqlsession.delete("mybatis.testcurd.deleteInfoById",1);
		sqlsession.commit();
		sqlsession.close();
	} catch (Exception e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	}

}