difflib模块是比较序列，包含一些计算和处理序列之间差异的工具。它对于比较文本是很有用的，其中函数可以使用多种常用的差异格式生成报告。

difflib模块的作用

difflib模块是比较序列，包含一些计算和处理序列之间差异的工具。它对于比较文本是很有用的，其中函数可以使用多种常用的差异格式生成报告。

1、演示的数据

text1 = """Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing

elit. Integer eu lacus accumsan arcu fermentum euismod. Donec

pulvinar porttitor tellus. Aliquam venenatis. Donec facilisis

pharetra tortor. In nec mauris eget magna consequat

convalis. Nam sed sem vitae odio pellentesque interdum. Sed

consequat viverra nisl. Suspendisse arcu metus, blandit quis,

rhoncus ac, pharetra eget, velit. Mauris urna. Morbi nonummy

molestie orci. Praesent nisi elit, fringilla ac, suscipit non,

tristique vel, mauris. Curabitur vel lorem id nisl porta

adipiscing. Suspendisse eu lectus. In nunc. Duis vulputate

tristique enim. Donec quis lectus a justo imperdiet tempus."""text1_lines=text1.splitlines()

text2= """Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing

elit. Integer eu lacus accumsan arcu fermentum euismod. Donec

pulvinar, porttitor tellus. Aliquam venenatis. Donec facilisis

pharetra tortor. In nec mauris eget magna consequat

convalis. Nam cras vitae mi vitae odio pellentesque interdum. Sed

consequat viverra nisl. Suspendisse arcu metus, blandit quis,

rhoncus ac, pharetra eget, velit. Mauris urna. Morbi nonummy

molestie orci. Praesent nisi elit, fringilla ac, suscipit non,

tristique vel, mauris. Curabitur vel lorem id nisl porta

adipiscing. Duis vulputate tristique enim. Donec quis lectus a

justo imperdiet tempus. Suspendisse eu lectus. In nunc."""text2_lines= text2.splitlines()

difflib_data.py

2、比较文本体

importdifflibfrom difflib_data import *d=difflib.Differ()

diff=d.compare(text1_lines, text2_lines)print('\n'.join(diff))

difflib_differ.py

运行效果

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing

elit. Integer eu lacus accumsan arcu fermentum euismod. Donec-pulvinar porttitor tellus. Aliquam venenatis. Donec facilisis+pulvinar, porttitor tellus. Aliquam venenatis. Donec facilisis

?+

-pharetra tortor. In nec mauris eget magna consequat

?-

+pharetra tortor. In nec mauris eget magna consequat-convalis. Nam sed sem vitae odio pellentesque interdum. Sed

?- --

+convalis. Nam cras vitae mi vitae odio pellentesque interdum. Sed

?+++ +++++ +consequat viverra nisl. Suspendisse arcu metus, blandit quis,

rhoncus ac, pharetra eget, velit. Mauris urna. Morbi nonummy

molestie orci. Praesent nisi elit, fringilla ac, suscipit non,

tristique vel, mauris. Curabitur vel lorem id nisl porta-adipiscing. Suspendisse eu lectus. In nunc. Duis vulputate-tristique enim. Donec quis lectus a justo imperdiet tempus.+adipiscing. Duis vulputate tristique enim. Donec quis lectus a+ justo imperdiet tempus. Suspendisse eu lectus. In nunc.

3、比较文本体,输出其它格式

importdifflibfrom difflib_data import *diff=difflib.unified_diff(

text1_lines,

text2_lines,

lineterm='',

)print('\n'.join(diff))

difflib_unified.py

运行效果

---

+++@@-1,11 +1,11@@

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing

elit. Integer eu lacus accumsan arcu fermentum euismod. Donec-pulvinar porttitor tellus. Aliquam venenatis. Donec facilisis-pharetra tortor. In nec mauris eget magna consequat-convalis. Nam sed sem vitae odio pellentesque interdum. Sed+pulvinar, porttitor tellus. Aliquam venenatis. Donec facilisis+pharetra tortor. In nec mauris eget magna consequat+convalis. Nam cras vitae mi vitae odio pellentesque interdum. Sed

consequat viverra nisl. Suspendisse arcu metus, blandit quis,

rhoncus ac, pharetra eget, velit. Mauris urna. Morbi nonummy

molestie orci. Praesent nisi elit, fringilla ac, suscipit non,

tristique vel, mauris. Curabitur vel lorem id nisl porta-adipiscing. Suspendisse eu lectus. In nunc. Duis vulputate-tristique enim. Donec quis lectus a justo imperdiet tempus.+adipiscing. Duis vulputate tristique enim. Donec quis lectus a+justo imperdiet tempus. Suspendisse eu lectus. In nunc.

4、丢弃无用的数据

from difflib importSequenceMatcherdefshow_results(match):print('a = {}'.format(match.a))print('b = {}'.format(match.b))print('size = {}'.format(match.size))

i, j, k=matchprint('A[a:a+size] = {!r}'.format(A[i:i +k]))print('B[b:b+size] = {!r}'.format(B[j:j +k]))

A= "abcd"B= "abcd abcd"

print('A = {!r}'.format(A))print('B = {!r}'.format(B))print('\nWithout junk detection:')

s1=SequenceMatcher(None, A, B)

match1=s1.find_longest_match(0, len(A), 0, len(B))

show_results(match1)print('\nTreat spaces as junk:')

s2= SequenceMatcher(lambda x: x == " ", A, B)

match2=s2.find_longest_match(0, len(A), 0, len(B))

show_results(match2)

difflib_junk.py

运行效果

A = 'abcd'B= 'abcd abcd'Without junk detection:

a=0

b= 4size= 5A[a:a+size] = 'abcd'B[b:b+size] = 'abcd'Treat spaces as junk:

a= 1b=0

size= 4A[a:a+size] = 'abcd'B[b:b+size] = 'abcd'

5、比较任意类型

importdifflib

s1= [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 4]

s2= [2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1]print('Initial data:')print('s1 =', s1)print('s2 =', s2)print('s1 == s2:', s1 ==s2)print()

matcher=difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, s1, s2)for tag, i1, i2, j1, j2 inreversed(matcher.get_opcodes()):if tag == 'delete':print('Remove {} from positions [{}:{}]'.format(

s1[i1:i2], i1, i2))print('before =', s1)dels1[i1:i2]elif tag == 'equal':print('s1[{}:{}] and s2[{}:{}] are the same'.format(

i1, i2, j1, j2))elif tag == 'insert':print('Insert {} from s2[{}:{}] into s1 at {}'.format(

s2[j1:j2], j1, j2, i1))print('before =', s1)

s1[i1:i2]=s2[j1:j2]elif tag == 'replace':print(('Replace {} from s1[{}:{}]'

'with {} from s2[{}:{}]').format(

s1[i1:i2], i1, i2, s2[j1:j2], j1, j2))print('before =', s1)

s1[i1:i2]=s2[j1:j2]print('after =', s1, '\n')print('s1 == s2:', s1 == s2)

difflib_seq.py

运行效果

Initial data:

s1= [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 4]

s2= [2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1]

s1==s2: False

Replace [4] from s1[5:6] with [1] from s2[5:6]

before= [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 4]

after= [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 1]

s1[4:5] and s2[4:5] are the same

after= [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 1]

Insert [4] from s2[3:4] into s1 at 4before= [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 1]

after= [1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1]

s1[1:4] and s2[0:3] are the same

after= [1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1]

Remove [1] from positions [0:1]

before= [1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1]

after= [2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1]

s1== s2: True

6、比较输出html格式

importdifflibfrom difflib_data import *d=difflib.HtmlDiff()print(d.make_table(text1_lines, text2_lines))

difflib_html.py

7、比较输出diff格式

importdifflibfrom difflib_data import *diff=difflib.ndiff(text1_lines, text2_lines)print('\n'.join(diff))

difflib_ndiff.py

8、比较输出美观分割的格式

importdifflibfrom difflib_data import *diff=difflib.context_diff(

text1_lines,

text2_lines,

lineterm='',

)print('\n'.join(diff))

difflib_context.py
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版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「艾团长」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34439035/article/details/112931355