mybatis详解二：初步了解mybatis解决了jdbc的那些问题

一：工程环境搭建

1.创建mybatisConfig.xml文件（创建user表请参考mybatis详解一）

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	<!-- 是用resource属性加载外部配置文件 -->
	<properties resource="db.properties">
		<!-- 在properties内部用property定义属性 -->
		<!-- 如果外部配置文件有该属性，则内部定义属性被外部属性覆盖 -->
		<property name="jdbc.username" value="root123" />
		<property name="jdbc.password" value="root123" />
	</properties>

	<typeAliases>
		<!-- 单个别名定义 -->
	    <!--<typeAlias alias="user" type="com.jiuqi.pojo.User" />    -->
		<!-- 批量别名定义，扫描整个包下的类，别名为类名（大小写不敏感） -->
		<package name="mybatis1.pojo" />
        <!--也可以为多个包的pojo取别名-->
        <!--<package name="com.jiuqi.queryVO"/>-->
	</typeAliases>

	<!-- 和spring整合后 environments配置将废除 -->
	<environments default="development">
		<environment id="development">
			<!-- 使用jdbc事务管理 -->
			<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
			<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
			<dataSource type="POOLED">
				<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
				<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
				<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
				<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
	</environments>
	<mappers >
		  <!--
            将mybatis1.mapper包下的所有xml导入进来。
            使用此标签必须注意xml文件与java文件必须在同一包下。
            如果与spring整合后他们是可以分开的。
          -->
        <package name="mybatis1.mapper"/>
	</mappers>
</configuration>

2.创建User类

package mybatis1.pojo;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
public class User {
    private int id; //用户id
    private String username;//用户姓名
    private Timestamp birthday;//用户生日
    private String sex;//用户性别
    private String address;//用户地址

    public User() {
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Timestamp getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Timestamp birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
}

3.创建UserMapper接口

package mybatis1.mapper;
import mybatis1.pojo.User;
public interface UserMapper {
	//获取用户通过id
    public User getUserById(String id);
    //保存用户信息用户
    public void saveUser(User user);
    //更新用户信息
    public void updateUser(User user);
    //删除用户信息
    public void deleteUserById(String id);
}

4.定义操作 user 表的sql映射文件userMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace:值为对应的UserMapper.java的全路径名-->
<mapper namespace="mybatis1.mapper.UserMapper">
    <!--
        id:是对应接口的方法名getUserById
        parameterType：为getUserById方法的入参类型
        resultType：为getUserById方法的返回值类型
    -->
    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
        SELECT *  FROM  `user` where id = #{id}
    </select>
    
    <insert id="saveUser" parameterType="User">
        insert into `user`(id,username,birthday,sex,address)
        values (#{id}, #{username}, #{birthday}, #{sex}, #{address});
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User" >
        UPDATE `user`
        SET username = #{username}, birthday = #{birthday} , sex = #{sex} ,address = #{address}
        WHERE id = #{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUserById" parameterType="String">
        DELETE  FROM `user`
        WHERE id = #{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

5：测试代码

public class TestDemo {
    private SqlSession sqlSession = null;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        //创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象
        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        //读取mybatisConfig.xml配置文件
        InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatisConfig.xml");
        //根据配置文件sqlSessionFactoryBuilder创建SqlSessionFactory对象
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(in);
        //创建一个与数据会话的对象
        sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    //通过id获取用户
    public void getUserById() {
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        //获取用户
        User user = userMapper.getUserById("1");
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    //保存用户信息
    @Test
    public void saveUser(){
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = new User();
        user.setId("12");
        user.setUsername("lisi");
        user.setAddress("guizhou");
        user.setBirthday(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
        user.setSex(1);
        //保存用户到数据库
        userMapper.saveUser(user);
        sqlSession.commit();
    }

    //更新用户
    @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = new User();
        user.setId("12");
        user.setUsername("zhangsan");
        user.setAddress("guizhou");
        user.setBirthday(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
        user.setSex(1);
        //更新用户
        userMapper.updateUser(user);
        sqlSession.commit();
    }

    //删除用户
    @Test
    public  void deleteUser(){
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        //删除用户
        userMapper.deleteUserById("12");
        sqlSession.commit();
    }
}

6：总结
①、将 sql 语句配置到 xml 文件中，即使 sql 语句变化了，我们也不需要对 Java 代码进行修改。
②、将 sql 语句以及占位符和参数都配置到 xml 文件中。
③、java代码中没有try-catch代码。
④、返回结果是自动帮我们映射到User对象里的。