Codeforces Round #442 (Div. 2) E. Danil and a Part-time Job dfs序+xdtree

E. Danil and a Part-time Job
time limit per test 2 seconds
memory limit per test 256 megabytes
input standard input
output standard output
Danil decided to earn some money, so he had found a part-time job. The interview have went well, so now he is a light switcher.

Danil works in a rooted tree (undirected connected acyclic graph) with n vertices, vertex 1 is the root of the tree. There is a room in each vertex, light can be switched on or off in each room. Danil's duties include switching light in all rooms of the subtree of the vertex. It means that if light is switched on in some room of the subtree, he should switch it off. Otherwise, he should switch it on.

Unfortunately (or fortunately), Danil is very lazy. He knows that his boss is not going to personally check the work. Instead, he will send Danil tasks using Workforces personal messages.

There are two types of tasks:

pow v describes a task to switch lights in the subtree of vertex v.
get v describes a task to count the number of rooms in the subtree of v, in which the light is turned on. Danil should send the answer to his boss using Workforces messages.
A subtree of vertex v is a set of vertices for which the shortest path from them to the root passes through v. In particular, the vertex v is in the subtree of v.

Danil is not going to perform his duties. He asks you to write a program, which answers the boss instead of him.

Input
The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 200 000) — the number of vertices in the tree.

The second line contains n - 1 space-separated integers p2, p3, ..., pn (1 ≤ pi < i), where pi is the ancestor of vertex i.

The third line contains n space-separated integers t1, t2, ..., tn (0 ≤ ti ≤ 1), where ti is 1, if the light is turned on in vertex i and 0 otherwise.

The fourth line contains a single integer q (1 ≤ q ≤ 200 000) — the number of tasks.

The next q lines are get v or pow v (1 ≤ v ≤ n) — the tasks described above.

Output
For each task get v print the number of rooms in the subtree of v, in which the light is turned on.

Example
input
4
1 1 1
1 0 0 1
9
get 1
get 2
get 3
get 4
pow 1
get 1
get 2
get 3
get 4
output
2
0
0
1
2
1
1
0
Note
The tree before the task pow 1.
The tree after the task pow 1.

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<cmath>
#include<queue>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

int n;
vector<int> e[200005];
int in[200005],out[200005];
int cnt;

struct node
{
    int l,r;
    int sum,lazy;
}tr[200005*5];

int t[200005];
void dfs(int u)
{
    in[u]=++cnt;
    int len=e[u].size();
    for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
    {
        int v=e[u][i];
        dfs(v);
    }
    out[u]=cnt;
}

node up(node cur,node x,node y)
{
    node ntr;
    ntr=cur;
    ntr.sum=(x.sum+y.sum);
    return ntr;
}

void down(int i)
{
    if(tr[i].lazy!=0)
    {
        tr[i].lazy=0;
        tr[i*2].lazy^=1;
        tr[i*2+1].lazy^=1;

        tr[i*2].sum=(tr[i*2].r-tr[i*2].l+1)-tr[i*2].sum;
        tr[i*2+1].sum=(tr[i*2+1].r-tr[i*2+1].l+1)-tr[i*2+1].sum;
    }
}
void build(int i,int l,int r)
{
    tr[i].l=l;tr[i].r=r;tr[i].lazy=0;
    if(l==r)
    {
        tr[i].sum=0;
    }
    else
    {
        int mid=(l+r)/2;
        build(i*2,l,mid);
        build(i*2+1,mid+1,r);
        tr[i]=up(tr[i],tr[i*2],tr[i*2+1]);
    }
}

void update(int i,int l,int r,int ql,int qr)
{
    if(l==ql && r==qr)
    {
        tr[i].lazy^=1;
        tr[i].sum=(r-l+1)-tr[i].sum;
    }
    else
    {
        down(i);
        int mid=(l+r)/2;
        if(qr<=mid)
            update(i*2,l,mid,ql,qr);
        else if(ql>mid)
            update(i*2+1,mid+1,r,ql,qr);
        else
        {
            update(i*2,l,mid,ql,mid);
            update(i*2+1,mid+1,r,mid+1,qr);
        }
        tr[i]=up(tr[i],tr[i*2],tr[i*2+1]);
    }
}

node get(int i,int l,int r,int ql,int qr)
{
    if(l==ql && r==qr)
        return tr[i];
    down(i);

    int mid=(l+r)/2;
    if(qr<=mid)
        return get(i*2,l,mid,ql,qr);
    else if(ql>mid)
        return get(i*2+1,mid+1,r,ql,qr);
    else
    {
        node tans;
        node n1=get(i*2,l,mid,ql,mid);
        node n2=get(i*2+1,mid+1,r,mid+1,qr);
        return up(tans,n1,n2);
    }
}
int main()
{
    while(~scanf("%d",&n))
    {
        for(int i=2;i<=n;i++)
        {
            int tp;scanf("%d",&tp);
            e[tp].push_back(i);
        }
        cnt=0;
        dfs(1);
        build(1,1,n);
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&t[i]);
            if(t[i]==1)
                update(1,1,n,in[i],in[i]);
        }
        int q;
        scanf("%d",&q);
        while(q--)
        {
            char ch[5];
            scanf("%s",ch);
            int tp;scanf("%d",&tp);

            if(ch[0]=='g')
            {
                printf("%d\n",get(1,1,n,in[tp],out[tp]).sum);
            }
            else
            {
                update(1,1,n,in[tp],out[tp]);
            }
        }
    }
}