实验九 Java 语言的输入输出与文件处理
实验目的
1．了解流式输入输出的基本原理。
2．掌握 File、FileInputStream、FileOutputStream 类的使用方法。
3．掌握 FileReader、FileWriter、BufferedReader 类的使用方法。
主要仪器设备及耗材
安装了 JDK1.8 的 PC 一台
实验内容
1. 编写一个程序，从键盘读入一串英文字符串，将每个英文单词的首字母转换成大写后存
到 D:\word.txt 文件中。
2. 编写一个程序，将一个文本文件的内容按行读出，每读出一行就顺序加上行号，并写入
到另一个文件中。
package com.temp;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
/**
* @Author lanxiaofang
* @email 983770299@qq.com
* @date 2020/11/9 8:39
*/
public class InputOutputAndFileHandle {
private final static String url_1 = "D://word1.txt";
private final static String url_2 = "D://word2.txt";
private final static String url_3 = "D://word3.txt";
private final static String url_4 = "D://word4.txt";
public static void main(String[] args) {
//推荐使用BufferedReader,BufferedReader的效率比Scanner 高
//BufferedReader 是先把数据读到缓存区然后在写到硬盘里,Scanner是直接往硬盘些数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("-- 请输入一段英文句子");
String content = null;
try {
content = in.readLine();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
// String content = in.nextLine();
String iNITCAP = iNITCAP(content);
//使用一
System.out.println("----使用一");
useFilWriter(iNITCAP, url_1);
useFileReader(url_1);
//使用二
System.out.println("----使用二");
useBufferedReader(url_1);
useBufferedWriter(url_1, url_2);
useBufferedWriterOfContent(iNITCAP, url_3);
//使用三
System.out.println("----使用三");
useFileOutputStreamAndUseFileInputStream(url_4);
}
/**
* useFileOutputStreamAndUseFileInputStream
*
* @param url
*/
public static int useFileOutputStreamAndUseFileInputStream(String url) {
//把字节输入流的内容通过字节输出流存到硬盘
try {
char ch;
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(FileDescriptor.in); //声明文件字节流输入流对象，创建标准输入流对象
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(url); // 声明文件字节输出流对象，创建输出流对象为url1中的文件
//输入一串字符串，以'#'作为结束标准
while ((ch = (char) fileInputStream.read()) != '#') { // 调用 fileInputStream.read() 从键盘上读取数据
fileOutputStream.write(ch); //fileOutputStream.write(ch)从键盘上读取的数据写入到url1中的文件中
}
System.out.println("-- fileOutputStream -- Write is finished");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
//从硬盘通过字节输入流读取数据，字节输出流输出数据到控制台
try {
int data;
FileInputStream fIStream = new FileInputStream(url);
FileOutputStream fOStream = new FileOutputStream(FileDescriptor.out);
while (fIStream.available() > 0) {
data = fIStream.read();
fOStream.write(data);
}
System.out.println("-- fOStream -- Write is finished");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* useFilWriter
*
* @param content,url Writes the content to the URL file and prompts it for success.
*/
public static int useFilWriter(String content, String url) {
try {
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(url);
fileWriter.write(content);
fileWriter.close();
System.out.println("--useFilWriter-- writer to " + url + " success.");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* useFileReader
*
* @param url Read the content from the url file and output it.
*/
public static int useFileReader(String url) {
try {
char[] content = new char[1024];
FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(url);
int num = fileReader.read(content);
String reContent = new String(content, 0, num);
System.out.println("--useFileReader-- had reade " + num + " chars :\n" + reContent);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* useBufferedReader
*
* @param url Read content from the URL file, read it line by line,
* output it line by line, and count the total number of lines read.
*/
public static int useBufferedReader(String url) {
String thisLine;
int count = 0;
try {
FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(url);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
while ((thisLine = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
count++;
System.out.println(thisLine);
}
System.out.println("--useBufferedReader-- had read " + count + " lines");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* useBufferedWriter
*
* @param from_url,to_url Copy the contents from the file in path from_url to the file in path to_url
* Read a line, copy a line, and then create a new line
*/
public static int useBufferedWriter(String from_url, String to_url) {
String thisLine;
int count = 0;
try {
FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(from_url);
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(to_url);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
while ((thisLine = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
count++;
System.out.println(thisLine);
bufferedWriter.write(thisLine);
bufferedWriter.newLine();
}
bufferedWriter.flush();
System.out.println("--useBufferedWriter-- had read " + count + " lines. \n--useBufferedWriter-- had writer +count+\" lines.");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* useBufferedWriterOfContent
*
* @param content,to_url writes the content to the file at the to_url
*/
public static int useBufferedWriterOfContent(String content, String to_url) {
try {
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(to_url);
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
bufferedWriter.write(content);
bufferedWriter.flush();
System.out.println("--useBufferedWriter-- had writer success.");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* iNITCAP
* Constructs a iNITCAP function with the specified detail content.
* You can use s1.toString().trim() or s1.toString().substring(0,s1.length()-1)
* to clear the space at the end of the string
*
* @param content the detail content (which is saved for later convert
* the first letter of each English word to uppercase
*/
public static String iNITCAP(String content) {
StringBuffer s1 = new StringBuffer();
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(content);
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
String str = st.nextToken();
char c = (str).charAt(0);
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
c = (char) ((int) c - 32);
s1.append(c);
} else
s1.append(c);
for (int i = 1; i < (str).length(); i++) {
char c1 = (str).charAt(i);
s1.append(c1);
}
s1.append(" ");
}
System.out.println("--iNITCAP--" + s1.toString().trim());
return s1.toString();
}
}
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