Condition（同步队列）使用

Condition（同步队列）

Condition的特性:

1. Condition中的await()方法相当于Object的wait()方法，Condition中的signal()方法相当于Object的notify()方法，Condition中的signalAll()相当于Object的notifyAll()方法。不同的是，Object中的这些方法是和同步锁捆绑使用的；而Condition是需要与互斥锁/共享锁捆绑使用的。
2. Condition它更强大的地方在于：能够更加精细的控制多线程的休眠与唤醒。对于同一个锁，我们可以创建多个Condition，在不同的情况下使用不同的Condition。

例如，假如多线程读/写同一个缓冲区：当向缓冲区中写入数据之后，唤醒"读线程"；当从缓冲区读出数据之后，唤醒"写线程"；并且当缓冲区满的时候，"写线程"需要等待；当缓冲区为空时，“读线程"需要等待。
如果采用Object类中的wait(), notify(), notifyAll()实现该缓冲区，当向缓冲区写入数据之后需要唤醒"读线程"时，不可能通过notify()或notifyAll()明确的指定唤醒"读线程”，而只能通过notifyAll唤醒所有线程(但是notifyAll无法区分唤醒的线程是读线程，还是写线程)。 但是，通过Condition，就能明确的指定唤醒读线程。

主要方法

//使线程进入等待队列中（同步队列）
//相当于wait()
await()；

//使线程进入阻塞队列
//相当于notify()
signal()

使用流程

测试demo

**
 * @Auther: cpb
 * @Date: 2018/9/18 15:24
 * @Description:
 */
public class MyConditionTest {
    private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    private final Condition addCondition = lock.newCondition();

    private final Condition subCondition = lock.newCondition();


    private static int num = 0;
    private List<String> lists = new LinkedList<String>();

    public void add() {
        lock.lock();

        try {
            while(lists.size() == 5) {//当集合已满,则"添加"线程等待
                System.out.println("当集合已满,则添加线程等待");
                addCondition.await();
            }

            num++;
            lists.add("add Banana" + num);
            System.out.println("The Lists Size is " + lists.size());
            System.out.println("线程名加 is " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            System.out.println("==============================");
            this.subCondition.signal();

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {//释放锁
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }


    public void sub() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(lists.size() == 0) {//当集合为空时,"减少"线程等待
                subCondition.await();
            }

            String str = lists.get(0);
            lists.remove(0);
            System.out.println("Banana数目减 is [" + str + "]");
            System.out.println("The Lists Size is " + lists.size());
            System.out.println("线程名减 is " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            System.out.println("==============================");
            num--;
            addCondition.signal();

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
		
		public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyConditionTest task = new MyConditionTest();

        Thread t1=new Thread(new Run1(task));
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
        Thread t3=new Thread(new Run1(task));
        Thread t4 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
        Thread t5 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
        Thread t6 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
        Thread t7=new Thread(new Run2(task));
        Thread t8=new Thread(new Run2(task));

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
        t4.start();
        t5.start();
        t6.start();
        t7.start();
        t8.start();
    }
}

class Run1 implements Runnable{
    private MyConditionTest task;

    public Run1(MyConditionTest task) {
        this.task = task;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        task.add();
    }
}

class Run2 implements Runnable{
    private MyConditionTest task;

    public Run2(MyConditionTest task) {
        this.task = task;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        task.sub();
    }
}

测试结果

The Lists Size is 1
线程名加 is Thread-1
==============================
The Lists Size is 2
线程名加 is Thread-0
==============================
The Lists Size is 3
线程名加 is Thread-2
==============================
The Lists Size is 4
线程名加 is Thread-3
==============================
The Lists Size is 5
线程名加 is Thread-5
==============================
当集合已满,则添加线程等待
Banana数目减 is [add Banana1]
The Lists Size is 4
线程名减 is Thread-6
==============================
Banana数目减 is [add Banana2]
The Lists Size is 3
线程名减 is Thread-7
==============================
The Lists Size is 4
线程名加 is Thread-4
==============================