Condition(同步队列)
Condition的特性:
- Condition中的await()方法相当于Object的wait()方法,Condition中的signal()方法相当于Object的notify()方法,Condition中的signalAll()相当于Object的notifyAll()方法。不同的是,Object中的这些方法是和同步锁捆绑使用的;而Condition是需要与互斥锁/共享锁捆绑使用的。
- Condition它更强大的地方在于:能够更加精细的控制多线程的休眠与唤醒。对于同一个锁,我们可以创建多个Condition,在不同的情况下使用不同的Condition。
例如,假如多线程读/写同一个缓冲区:当向缓冲区中写入数据之后,唤醒"读线程";当从缓冲区读出数据之后,唤醒"写线程";并且当缓冲区满的时候,"写线程"需要等待;当缓冲区为空时,“读线程"需要等待。
如果采用Object类中的wait(), notify(), notifyAll()实现该缓冲区,当向缓冲区写入数据之后需要唤醒"读线程"时,不可能通过notify()或notifyAll()明确的指定唤醒"读线程”,而只能通过notifyAll唤醒所有线程(但是notifyAll无法区分唤醒的线程是读线程,还是写线程)。 但是,通过Condition,就能明确的指定唤醒读线程。
主要方法
//使线程进入等待队列中(同步队列)
//相当于wait()
await();
//使线程进入阻塞队列
//相当于notify()
signal()
使用流程
测试demo
**
* @Auther: cpb
* @Date: 2018/9/18 15:24
* @Description:
*/
public class MyConditionTest {
private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private final Condition addCondition = lock.newCondition();
private final Condition subCondition = lock.newCondition();
private static int num = 0;
private List<String> lists = new LinkedList<String>();
public void add() {
lock.lock();
try {
while(lists.size() == 5) {//当集合已满,则"添加"线程等待
System.out.println("当集合已满,则添加线程等待");
addCondition.await();
}
num++;
lists.add("add Banana" + num);
System.out.println("The Lists Size is " + lists.size());
System.out.println("线程名加 is " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
System.out.println("==============================");
this.subCondition.signal();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {//释放锁
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void sub() {
lock.lock();
try {
while(lists.size() == 0) {//当集合为空时,"减少"线程等待
subCondition.await();
}
String str = lists.get(0);
lists.remove(0);
System.out.println("Banana数目减 is [" + str + "]");
System.out.println("The Lists Size is " + lists.size());
System.out.println("线程名减 is " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
System.out.println("==============================");
num--;
addCondition.signal();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyConditionTest task = new MyConditionTest();
Thread t1=new Thread(new Run1(task));
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
Thread t3=new Thread(new Run1(task));
Thread t4 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
Thread t5 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
Thread t6 = new Thread(new Run1(task));
Thread t7=new Thread(new Run2(task));
Thread t8=new Thread(new Run2(task));
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
t4.start();
t5.start();
t6.start();
t7.start();
t8.start();
}
}
class Run1 implements Runnable{
private MyConditionTest task;
public Run1(MyConditionTest task) {
this.task = task;
}
@Override
public void run() {
task.add();
}
}
class Run2 implements Runnable{
private MyConditionTest task;
public Run2(MyConditionTest task) {
this.task = task;
}
@Override
public void run() {
task.sub();
}
}
测试结果
The Lists Size is 1
线程名加 is Thread-1
==============================
The Lists Size is 2
线程名加 is Thread-0
==============================
The Lists Size is 3
线程名加 is Thread-2
==============================
The Lists Size is 4
线程名加 is Thread-3
==============================
The Lists Size is 5
线程名加 is Thread-5
==============================
当集合已满,则添加线程等待
Banana数目减 is [add Banana1]
The Lists Size is 4
线程名减 is Thread-6
==============================
Banana数目减 is [add Banana2]
The Lists Size is 3
线程名减 is Thread-7
==============================
The Lists Size is 4
线程名加 is Thread-4
==============================