OpenBSD 安装

OpenBSD

被誉世上最安全的系统。
OpenBSD有最前沿的安全技术，适合于做防火墙和分布式环境下的私有网络服务

OpenBSD组每6个月发布一个新的发行版，即每年的５月１日和11月1日发布.你可以在此找到关于开发周期的更多信息。

OpenBSD的分发包含许多第三方软件产品，包括：
 ●Xfree86 4.4.0:
 ●GCC 2.95.3
 ●Perl 5.8.2
 ●Apache 1.3.29
 ●OpenSSL 0.9.7c
 ●Groff 1.15
 ●Sendmail 8.12.11
 ●BIND 9.2.3
 ●Lynx 2.8.4rel.1
 ●Sudo v1.6.7p5
 ●Ncurses 5.2.
 ●KAME IPv6.
 ●Heimdal 0.6rc1 with patches
 ●OpenSSH 3.8.1

你可能从网上得到它的最新版本，现为4.3
http://mirror4.openbsd.org.cn/ftp/4.3/i386/install43.iso

你可能从http://www.openbsd.org.cn 中国openbsd网上得到它的镜像

以下是安装过程，这是在vmware实现的，如果你想在实体机上安装，
请用空的硬盘。或安装前备份你的重要资料。
OpenBSD安装过程是手动的，而且设置项多，小心为好。

最简单的下载约200M的install43.iso，刻录成光盘，然后安装。
第一，从光驱启动：一会就得到以下信息：

      root on rd0a swap on rd0b dump on rd0b
  erase ^?, werase ^W, kill ^U, intr ^C, status ^T
  (I)nstall, (U)pgrade or (S)hell? i

  i 就是要安装了。
   （Enter 就是 回车 ）
    Terminal type: [vt220] Enter
    kbd(8) mapping? ('L' for list) [none] Enter
     Proceed with install? [no] y
      Available disks are: wd0.
  Which one is the root disk? (or done) [wd0] Enter
   Do you want to use *all* of wd0 for OpenBSD? [no] y（如果有多个打操作系统的话，就要小心了。）

第二。是分区了。这是最不安全是设置，请小心：
你会见到 > 符号。
  p 是查看分区状况。有个c: 分区，这是系统默认的不能使用与删除。
  a 是增分区
  d 是删除分区

  如果你不明白怎么办就输入 ？ 或help

以下照做就是了。硬盘空间你可能自行更改：

        > a a
  offset: [3069360] Enter
  size: [36030960] 150m
  Rounding to cylinder: 317520
  FS type: [4.2BSD] Enter
  mount point: [none] /
  > a b
  offset: [3386880] Enter
  size: [35713440] 300m
  Rounding to cylinder: 619920
  FS type: [swap] Enter
  > a d
  offset: [4006800] Enter
  size: [35093520] 120m
  Rounding to cylinder: 257040
  FS type: [4.2BSD] Enter
  mount point: [none] /tmp
  > a e
  offset: [4263840] Enter
  size: [34836480] 80m
  Rounding to cylinder: 166320
  FS type: [4.2BSD] Enter
  mount point: [none] /var
  > a g
  offset: [4430160] Enter
  size: [34670160] 6g
  Rounding to cylinder: 12594960
  FS type: [4.2BSD] Enter
  mount point: [none] /usr
  > a h
  offset: [17025120] Enter
  size: [22075200] 4g
  Rounding to nearest cylinder: 8391600
  FS type: [4.2BSD] Enter
  mount point: [none] /home
  > p m
  device: /dev/rwd0c
  type: ESDI
  disk: ESDI/IDE disk
  label: ST320011A
  bytes/sector: 512
  sectors/track: 63
  tracks/cylinder: 240
  sectors/cylinder: 15120
  cylinders: 2586
  total bytes: 19092.9M
  free bytes: 6681.4M
  rpm: 3600

  16 partitions:
  #             size        offset  fstype [fsize bsize  cpg]
    a:           155.0M          1498.7M  4.2BSD   2048 16384   16 # /
    b:           302.7M          1653.8M    swap
    c:         19092.9M             0.0M  unused      0     0
    d:           125.5M          1956.4M  4.2BSD   2048 16384   16 # /tmp
    e:            81.2M          2082.0M  4.2BSD   2048 16384   16 # /var
    g:          6149.9M          2163.2M  4.2BSD   2048 16384   16 # /usr
    h:          4097.5M          8313.0M  4.2BSD   2048 16384   16 # /home
    i:          1498.7M             0.0M   MSDOS
  > q
  Write new label?: [y] Ente

Mount point for wd0d (size=128520k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/tmp] Enter
  Mount point for wd0e (size=83160k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/var] Enter
  Mount point for wd0g (size=6297480k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/usr] Enter
  Mount point for wd0h (size=4195800k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/home] Enter
  Mount point for wd0d (size=128520k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/tmp] done
  No more disks to initialize.

  主机名设置
System hostname (short form, e.g. 'foo'): 自行写入

第三 配置网络。
网络是重中之中。不能上网的PC，不是好PC.

Configure the network? [yes] Enter

  Available interfaces are: fxp0.
  Which one do you wish to initialize? (or 'done') [fxp0] Enter
  Symbolic (host) name for fxp0? [puffy] Enter
  The media options for fxp0 are currently
          media: Ethernet autoselect (10baseT half-duplex)
  Do you want to change the media options? [no] Enter
  IPv4 address for fxp0? (or 'none' or 'dhcp') dhcp
  Issuing hostname-associated DHCP request for fxp0.
  DHCPDISCOVER on fxp0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 1
  DHCPOFFER from 73.34.136.1
  DHCPREQUEST on fxp0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
  DHCPACK from 73.34.136.1
  bound to 69.241.244.76 -- renewal in 1800 seconds.
  IPv6 address for fxp0? (or 'rtsol' or 'none') [none] Enter
  No more interfaces to initialize.
  DNS domain name? (e.g. 'bar.com') [my.domain] example.com
  DNS nameserver? (IP address or 'none') [68.87.77.130 68.87.72.130] Enter
  Use the nameserver now? [yes] Enter
  Default route? (IP address, 'dhcp' or 'none') [dhcp] Enter
  Edit hosts with ed? [no] Enter
  Do you want to do any manual network configuration? [no] Enter

  接下来是 选择安装媒体 全部选 回车吧。

  第四。选择文件集 你要安装什么进去呢，全部吗。初哥就选全部(all) 吧

Select sets by entering a set name, a file name pattern or 'all'. De-select
  sets by prepending a '-' to the set name, file name pattern or 'all'. Selected
  sets are labeled '[x]'.

          [X] bsd
          [X] bsd.rd
          [ ] bsd.mp
          [X] base43.tgz
          [X] etc43.tgz
          [X] misc43.tgz
          [X] comp43.tgz
          [X] man43.tgz
          [X] game43.tgz
          [ ] xbase43.tgz
          [ ] xetc43.tgz
          [ ] xshare43.tgz
          [ ] xfont43.tgz
          [ ] xserv43.tgz
  Set name? (or 'done') [bsd.mp] all

          [X] bsd
          [X] bsd.rd
          [X] bsd.mp
          [X] base43.tgz
          [X] etc43.tgz
          [X] misc43.tgz
          [X] comp43.tgz
          [X] man43.tgz
          [X] game43.tgz
          [X] xbase43.tgz
          [X] xetc43.tgz
          [X] xshare43.tgz
          [X] xfont43.tgz
          [X] xserv43.tgz


以后选 回车好了

第五 结束了
 Start sshd(8) by default? [yes] y
 NTP server? (or 'none' or 'default') [none] default
 Do you expect to run the X Window System? [no] y 这个界面好像没用。

 Change the default console to com0? [no] Enter

Saving configuration files......done.
  Generating initial host.random file ......done.
  What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [Canada/Mountain] ?　　用问号来查看一下

Africa/      Chile/       GB-Eire      Israel       NZ-CHAT      UCT
  America/     Cuba         GMT          Jamaica      Navajo       US/
  Antarctica/  EET          GMT+0        Japan        PRC          UTC
  Arctic/      EST          GMT-0        Kwajalein    PST8PDT      Universal
  Asia/        EST5EDT      GMT0         Libya        Pacific/     W-SU
  Atlantic/    Egypt        Greenwich    MET          Poland       WET
  Australia/   Eire         HST          MST          Portugal     Zulu
  Brazil/      Etc/         Hongkong     MST7MDT      ROC          posix/
  CET          Europe/      Iceland      Mexico/      ROK          posixrules
  CST6CDT      Factory      Indian/      Mideast/     Singapore    right/
  Canada/      GB           Iran         NZ           Turkey       zone.tab

What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [Canada/Mountain] 我选了Hongkong .其它可选Asia吧再选China吧。

  Making all device nodes...done.
  Installing boot block...
  boot: /mnt/boot
  proto: /usr/mdec/biosboot
  device: /dev/rwd0c
  /usr/mdec/biosboot: entry point 0
  proto bootblock size 512
  /mnt/boot is 3 blocks x 16384 bytes
  fs block shift 2; part offset 3069360; inode block 24, offset 3624
  using MBR partition 1: type 166 (0xa6) offset 3069360 (0x2ed5b0)
  done.

  CONGRATULATIONS! Your OpenBSD install has been successfully completed!
  To boot the new system, enter halt at the command prompt. Once the
  system has halted, reset the machine and boot from the disk.
  # halt
  syncing disks... done

  The operating system has halted.
  Please press any key to reboot.　重启了。

  记住，英语好点，耐心多一点，就能装好了。备份好你的资料，如果硬盘里面有东西在的话。

  在此，　沉痛悼念四川地震中死难的同胞，团结一致，对抗敌人。（转载注明作者）