外观模式(Facade):为子系统中的一组接口提供一个一致的界面,
Facade模式定义了一个高层接口,这个接口使得这一子系统更加容易使用。
假设有一个抵押系统,存在三个子系统,银行子系统(查询是否有足够多的存款)、
信用子系统(查询是否有良好的信用)以及贷款子系统(查询有无贷款劣迹),
只有这三个子系统都通过时才可进行抵押。
当客户申请抵押贷款时,他需要分别去这三个子系统办理相关手续,
此时若使用外观模式为三个子系统中的接口提供一个统一的服务,
这时,客户再办理手续就只需要去一个地方了
优点:
(1) 松散耦合
外观模式松散了客户端与子系统的耦合关系,让子系统内部的模块能更容易扩展和维护。
(2) 简单易用
外观模式让子系统更加易用,客户端不再需要了解子系统内部的实现,
也不需要跟众多子系统内部的模块进行交互,只需要跟外观交互就可以了,
相当于外观类为外部客户端使用子系统提供了一站式服务。
(3) 更好的划分访问层次
通过合理使用Facade,可以帮助我们更好的划分访问的层次。
有些方法是对系统外的,有些方法是系统内部使用的。
把需要暴露给外部的功能集中到外观中,这样既方便客户端使用,也很好的隐藏了内部的细节。
Facade.h
#ifndef _FACADE_H_
#define _FACADE_H_
#include <string>
using std::string;
class Customer
{
public:
Customer(const string & name);
const string & getName();
private:
string name_;
};
class Bank
{
public:
bool hasSufficientSavings(Customer *c, int acount);
};
class Credit
{
public:
bool hasGoodCredit(Customer *c, int account);
};
class Loan
{
public:
bool hasGoodCredit(Customer *c, int account);
};
// the facade class
class Mortgage
{
public:
Mortgage();
~Mortgage();
bool isEligible(Customer *c, int account);
private:
Bank *bank_;
Loan *loan_;
Credit *credit_;
};
#endif
Facade.cpp
#include "Facade.h"
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
Customer::Customer(const string & name) : name_(name)
{
}
const string & Customer::getName()
{
return name_;
}
bool Bank::hasSufficientSavings(Customer *c, int account)
{
cout << "check bank for " << c->getName() << endl;
return true;
}
bool Credit::hasGoodCredit(Customer *c, int account)
{
cout << "check credit for " << c->getName() << endl;
return true;
}
bool Loan::hasGoodCredit(Customer *c, int account)
{
cout << "check loan for " << c->getName() << endl;
return true;
}
Mortgage::Mortgage()
{
bank_ = new Bank;
loan_ = new Loan;
credit_ = new Credit;
}
Mortgage::~Mortgage()
{
if (NULL != bank_)
{
delete bank_;
bank_ = NULL;
}
if (NULL != loan_)
{
delete loan_;
loan_ = NULL;
}
if (NULL != credit_)
{
delete credit_;
credit_ = NULL;
}
}
bool Mortgage::isEligible(Customer *c, int account)
{
cout << c->getName() << " apply for a loan for " << account << endl;
bool eligible = true;
eligible = bank_->hasSufficientSavings(c, account);
if (eligible)
eligible = loan_->hasGoodCredit(c, account);
if (eligible)
eligible = credit_->hasGoodCredit(c, account);
return eligible;
}
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "Facade.h"
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
Mortgage mort;
Customer c("Tom");
bool eligible = mort.isEligible(&c, 100);
cout << "\n" << c.getName() << " has been " ;
cout << (eligible ? "Approved" : "Rejected") << endl;
return 0;
}
output:
Tom apply for a loan for 100
check bank for Tom
check loan for Tom
check credit for Tom
Tom has been Approved