linux安装sendmail

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-18 11:10:24 发布

caiyewgc

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-18 11:10:24 发布

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文章标签： linux dns服务器邮件服务器 build allocation access

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/caiyewgc/article/details/5712232

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17、我们还需要配置/etc/resolv.conf、/etc/hosts、/etc/hosts.conf文件以适应新的状况。

18、一切都结束后，用/usr/sbin/ndc start命令启动bind,同样的可用stop、restart、reload等命令参数操作。

19、启动后用nslookup命令(有的系统推荐使用dig命令)检验是否正确。如果出现错误，该命令将不能启动。一般的错误都是数据库文件或配置文件笔误所至。比如少个“.”或者文件明不正确等等。

以上文字属于上条文章关于DNS服务器的，下边的才是邮件服务器的！

安装sendmail服务器

1、从www.sendmail.org下载最新的版本(这个snedmail倒是有必要升级为最新的版本，因为它的升级主要是安全漏洞问题)。这里说明的是用的sendmail-8.12.2.tar.gz

2、cd /usr/local/src/

3、把文件下载到：/usr/local/src中

4、tar zxvf sendmail-8.12.2.tar.gz

5、cd /usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2

6、chmod go-w / /etc /etc/mail /usr /var /var/spool /var/spool/mqueue

7、chown root / /etc /etc/mail /usr /var /var/spool /var/spool/mqueue

8、cd /usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2/sendmail

9、sh Build

10、cd /usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2/cf/cf

11、建立文件sendmail.mc内容如下，你可根据需要修改相应部分。

　divert(-1)
　　dnl This is the macro config file used to generate the /etc/sendmail.cf
　　dnl file. If you modify thei file you will have to regenerate the
　　dnl /etc/sendmail.cf by running this macro config through the m4
　　dnl preprocessor:
　　dnl m4 /etc/sendmail.mc > /etc/sendmail.cf
　　dnl You will need to have the Sendmail-cf pacage installed for this to work.
　　include(`/usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2/cf')
    define(`confDEF_USER_ID',`8:12')
    OSTYPE(`linux')
    undefine(`UUCP_RELAY')
    undefine(`BITNET_RELAY')
    define(`confTO_CONNECT', `1m')
    define(`confTRY_NULL_MX_LIST',true)
    define(`confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES',true)
    define(`PROCMAIL_MAILER_PATH',`/usr/bin/procmail')
    define(`SMART_HOST',compaq.rd.xxx.com)
　　　<---这条用于(非HUB)缺省使用HUB发送邮件
MASQUERADE_AS(`rd.xxx.com')
<-------------------------
FEATURE(`masquerade_entire_domain')
　　　　 <---这三条用于邮件地址伪装
FEATURE(`masquerade_envelope')
　　　　　　<-------------------------
FEATURE(`smrsh',`/usr/sbin/smrsh')
FEATURE(`mailertable',`hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable')
FEATURE(`virtusertable',`hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable')
FEATURE(redirect)
FEATURE(always_add_domain)
FEATURE(use_cw_file)
FEATURE(local_procmail)
FEATURE(`access_db')
FEATURE(`blacklist_recipients')
FEATURE(`accept_unresolvable_domains')
MAILER(smtp)
MAILER(procmail)
dnl We strongly recommend to comment this one out if you want to protect
dnl yourself from spam. However, the laptop and users on computers that do
dnl not hav 24x7 DNS do need this.
dnl FEATURE(`relay_based_on_MX')

12、sh Build install-cf

13、groupadd smmsp

14、useradd smmsp

15、cd cd /usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2/sendmail

16、sh Build install

17、cd /usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2/makemap

18、sh Build clean

19、sh Build all

20、sh Build install

21、cd /usr/local/src/sendmail-8.12.2/

22、在本域DNS主数据库文件中增加MX纪录：

　rd.xxx.com. IN MX 0 compaq

注意修改相应部分。那个0是有几个邮件集中器的时候用于标记先后顺序的。当有好几个MX的时候，建议顺序写为10、20、30…

23、在/etc/mail目录下创建access文件，内容类似如下：

127.0.0.1 RELAY
21.9.22 RELAY
211.99.221.238 RELAY

然后：makemap hash access.db < access

24、创建文件/etc/mail/local-host-names，其内容为本机的拥有的域名信息。

　rd.xxx.com
　　compaq.rd.xxx.com

25、创建文件/etc/mail/aliases，内容类似：

　　MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster
postmaster: root
bin: root
daemon: root
nobody: root

运行newaliases创建数据库。

创建别名文件的意义之一在于当邮件发往域中其他邮件服务器的用户而不是mail HUB用户的时候用。

比如增加一条：

　　atan: atan@fbsd

则导致邮件发往mail HUB的时候自动转发到atan@fbsd.rd.xxx.com

26、启动sendmail： /usr/sbin/sendmail -bd -q30m

排错：如果有问题导致启动不了，大部分问题和DNS配置有关，可以使用nslookup检查DNS是否正常。挨个检查/etc/mail中的文件内容也是排错的好办法。另外，修改配置，不建议直接编辑sendmail.cf文件，建议使用m4宏编译工具，因为有些带有安全漏洞或过时的宏在编译的时候会有提示，这样以免造成相关安全问题。

安装DHCP服务器

1、源程序下载地址是：ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/dhcp-3.0.tar.gz ，我们的版本是：dhcpd-3.0

2、复制到：/usr/local/scr后解压：tar zxvf dhcp-3.0.tar.gz

3、cd /usr/local/src/dhcp-3.0.tar.gz

4、./configure

5、make(如果不是第一次编译，先make clean)

6、make install

7、cp ./server/dhcpd.conf /etc

8、编辑这个文件，看起来类似下面这样：（要更改的地方用粗体标出）

　# dhcpd.conf
　　#
　　# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
　　#
　　# option definitions common to all supported networks...
　　option domain-name "rd.xxx.com";
　　option domain-name-servers compaq.rd.xxx.com;
　　default-lease-time 86400;
　　max-lease-time 172800;
　　ddns-update-style ad-hoc;
　　# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
　　# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
　　#authoritative;
　　# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
　　# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
　　log-facility local7;
　　# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
　　# DHCP server to understand the network topology.
　　# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
　　subnet 21.9.22.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
　　　　range 21.9.22.2 21.9.22.6;
　　　　option routers 21.9.22.1;
　　}
　　# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
　　# which we don't really recommend.
　　#subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 　　{
　　　　# range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;
　　　　# option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;
　　　　# option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;
　　#}
　　# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
　　#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
　　# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
　　# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
　　# option domain-name "internal.example.org";
　　# option routers 10.5.5.1;
　　# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
　　# default-lease-time 600;
　　# max-lease-time 7200;
　　#}
　　# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
　　# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be
　　# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
　　# will still come from the host declaration.
　　#host passacaglia {
　　# hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;
　　# filename "vmunix.passacaglia";
　　# server-name "toccata.fugue.com";
　　#}
　　# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses
　　# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
　　# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
　　# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
　　# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
　　# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
　　# set.
　　#host fantasia {
　　# hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
　　# fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
　　#}
　　# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation
　　# based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients
　　# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all
　　# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.
　　#class "foo" {
　　# match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";
　　#}
　　#shared-network 224-29 {
　　# subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
　　# option routers rtr-224.example.org;
　　# }
　　# subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
　　# option routers rtr-29.example.org;
　　# }
　　# pool {
　　# allow members of "foo";
　　# range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
　　# }
　　# pool {
　　# deny members of "foo";
　　# range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
　　# }

上面这个文件中后面都是注释，是原来系统给你的配置做的例子，可以不要。当然除非你用到它们，并且清楚它们的含义。

9、建立空文件：touch /var/state/dhcp/dhcpd.leases空文件

10、检查内核编译选项：Networking options-----Packet socket: mmapped IO和Socket Filtering选项是否被选中（不知道怎么看？看看前面的文章，用make menuconfig呀），如果没有就需要重新编译内核了。

11、route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0

12、roote add -host localhost dev eth0

13、在/etc/rc.d/rc.local最后增加一行route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0

14、reboot系统

15、用dhcpd命令启动DHCP，用其他的机器试试看能不能自动配置网络了。