多线程：同步方法及同步块

同步方法及同步块

• 同步方法：锁机制synchronized 每个对象对应一把锁
• 声明为synchronized将会影响效率
• 不安全的买票加入synchronized

package jingcheng.test.syn;
//不安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();

        new Thread(station,"苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(station,"牛逼的你们").start();
        new Thread(station,"可恶的黄牛党").start();

    }
}
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    //票
    private int ticketNums = 10;
    boolean flag = true;//外部停止方式
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while(flag){
            buy();
        }
    }
    //synchronized 同步方法 锁的是this
    private synchronized void buy(){
        //判断是否有票
        if(ticketNums<=0){
            flag = false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        try {
            Thread.sleep(100);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
    }
}

苦逼的我拿到10
苦逼的我拿到9
可恶的黄牛党拿到8
可恶的黄牛党拿到7
牛逼的你们拿到6
可恶的黄牛党拿到5
可恶的黄牛党拿到4
苦逼的我拿到3
可恶的黄牛党拿到2
可恶的黄牛党拿到1

Process finished with exit code 0

• 同步块：obj{ }称之为同步监视器

package jingcheng.test.syn;
//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱，账户
public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //账户
        Account account = new Account(1000,"结婚基金");
        Drawing you = new Drawing(account,50,"你");
        Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account,100,"girlFriend");
        you.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }
}
 //账户
class Account{
    int money; //余额
     String name;//卡名

     public Account(int money,String name) {
         this.money = money;
         this.name = name;
     }
 }
 //银行：模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
     //取了多少钱
     int drawningMoney;
     //现在手里有多少钱
     int nowMoney;
     public Drawing(Account account,int drawningMoney,String name){
         this.account = account;
         this.drawningMoney = drawningMoney;
         this.nowMoney = nowMoney;

     }
//取钱
     //synchronized默认锁的是this
     @Override
     public void run() {
         synchronized (account){
//判断有没有钱
             if(account.money-drawningMoney<0){
                 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够，取不了");
                 return;
             }
             try {
                 Thread.sleep(1000);
             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 throw new RuntimeException(e);
             }
             //卡内余额=余额-你取的钱
             account.money = account.money-drawningMoney;
             //你手里的钱
             nowMoney = nowMoney+drawningMoney;
             System.out.println(account.name+"余额为："+account.money);
             //Thread.currentThread().getName() = this.getName()
             System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱："+nowMoney);
         }
         }

 }

结婚基金余额为：950
Thread-0手里的钱：50
结婚基金余额为：850
Thread-1手里的钱：100

Process finished with exit code 0

• 锁的对象就是变化的量 需要增删改的对象

package jingcheng.test.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }

            }).start();
            
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

10000

Process finished with exit code 0