内部功能

变量的命名规则
1、变量名只能是字母、数字或下划线的任意组合
2、变量名的第一个字符不能是数字
Python2 Python3
input() eval(input())
raw_input() input()
3、某些关键字不能声明为变量名

元组的元素不可修改，元组的元素的元素可以被修改

age = 18
age.bit_length()     5     二进制最少占几位
bin(18)          '0b10010'

abs(-18)    18    绝对值
age.__abs__()     18    绝对值

age.__add__(100)     118

all_item = 95
pager = 10
result = all_item.__divmod__(pager)
print(result)                                 (9, 5)     分页的时候可以用到
age. __rdivmod__(7)     7/18                 (0, 7)  (商，余数)

a = 5
result1 = a.__floordiv__(6)
print(result1)
print(5//6)                                        0,0    地板除

name='eric'
print(type(name))     name的数据类型
print(dir(name))      快速获取这个类里边提供了那些成员
print(vars(name)     快速获取这个类里边提供了那些成员以及成员值

name = str(‘eric’)    默认执行__init()__方法

result = name.__contains__("er")

getattribute  反射

result = name.center(20,'*')         ********eric********

name = "alex {0} as {1}"
result = name.format('sb','eric')
print(result)                       alex sb as eric

name = "alex {name} as {id}"
result = name.format(name='sb',id='eric')
print(result)                      alex sb as eric

li = ['s','a','b']
result = "_".join(li)                 s_a_b

name = 'dandan'
result = name.partition('an')         ('d', 'an', 'dan')

name = 'dandan'
result = name.replace('an','oo'，1)            doodan

name = """
da
shu
ba"""
result = name.splitlines()                    ['', 'da', 'shu', 'ba']
result = name.split('\n')

swapcase   小写转大写，大写转小写dic = dict(k1='v1',k2='v2')

new = dic.fromkeys(['k1','k2','k3'],'v1')
print(new)
print(dic['k1'])
print(dic['k2'])
print(dic['k3'])
print(dic.get('k1'))
print(dic.get('k2'))
print(dic.get('k3'))
dic['k3'] = 123
dic.setdefault('k4')
print(dic)