3只蜜蜂采蜜，使花和蜂之间松耦合实现

一朵花有Open和Close两种状态，3只蜜蜂在花Open的时候去采蜜，在花Close的时候回巢，用面向对象技术和Design Pattern方法模拟上面过程，输出如下:

Flower Open
Hummingbird 1's breakfast time
Hummingbird 2's breakfast time
Hummingbird 3's breakfast time

Flower Close
Hummingbird 1's bed time
Hummingbird 2's bed time
Hummingbird 3's bed time

要求：

1.使用一种Design Pattern方法，使花和蜂鸟之间松耦合，用Objective-C/Swift写出上面描述过程的完整程序；

2.画出UML类图。

Objective-C 实现：有耦合的

创建花类：

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Bee.h"

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface Flower : NSObject
/// 1 花开 其他 花谢
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger status;
- (void)addBee:(Bee *)bee;
- (void)addBees:(NSArray <Bee *> *)bees;
- (void)removeBee:(Bee *)bee;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "Flower.h"

@interface Flower ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray < Bee *> *beeArray;
@end

@implementation Flower
- (instancetype)init {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.beeArray = @[].mutableCopy;
    }
    return self;
}
- (void)setStatus:(NSInteger)status {
    _status = status;
    [self notifyObserves:self.beeArray];
}

- (void)addBee:(nonnull Bee *)bee {
    [self.beeArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(Bee * _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        if (obj.id.intValue == bee.id.intValue) {
            return;
        }
    }];
    [self.beeArray addObject:bee];
}
- (void)addBees:(NSArray<Bee *> *)bees {
    [self.beeArray removeAllObjects];
    self.beeArray = bees.mutableCopy;
}
- (void)removeBee:(nonnull Bee *)bee {
    [self.beeArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(Bee * _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        if (obj.id.intValue != bee.id.intValue) {
            return;
        }
    }];
    [self.beeArray removeObject:bee];
}


- (void)notifyObserves:(nonnull NSArray<Bee *> *)observes {
    if (self.status == 1) {
        NSLog(@"Flower Open");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Flower Close");
    }
    [observes enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(Bee * _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        [obj onValueChanged:self.status];
    }];
}
- (void)dealloc {
    [self.beeArray removeAllObjects];
    self.beeArray = nil;
}
@end

创建蜂鸟类：

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface Bee : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *id;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
- (instancetype)initWithID:(NSNumber *)number name:(NSString *)name;
- (void)onValueChanged:(NSInteger)status;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "Bee.h"

@implementation Bee
- (instancetype)initWithID:(NSNumber *)number name:(NSString *)name {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        _id = number;
        _name = name;
    }
    return self;
}
- (void)onValueChanged:(NSInteger)status {
    if (status == 1) {
        NSString *log = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@'s eating time",self.name];
        NSLog(@"%@",log);
    } else {
        NSString *log = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@'s bed time",self.name];
        NSLog(@"%@",log);
    }
}
@end

调用：

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "Flower.h"

@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) Flower *flower;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *swiftButton;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    self.flower = [[Flower alloc] init];
    
    Bee *bee1 = [[Bee alloc] initWithID:@1 name:@"Bee 1"];
    Bee *bee2 = [[Bee alloc] initWithID:@2 name:@"Bee 2"];
    Bee *bee3 = [[Bee alloc] initWithID:@3 name:@"Bee 3"];
    
//    [self.flower addBee:bee1];
//    [self.flower addBee:bee2];
//    [self.flower addBee:bee3];
    
    [self.flower addBees:@[bee1,bee2,bee3]];
}

- (IBAction)didTaaped:(UIButton *)sender {
    sender.selected = !sender.selected;
    self.flower.status = sender.selected;
    
    NSString *status = sender.selected ? @"Open" : @"Close";
    [self.swiftButton setTitle:status forState:0];
}

@end

Objective-C 实现：代理改良版，松耦合

#ifndef HummingProtocol_h
#define HummingProtocol_h

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, FlowerStatus) {
    FlowerStatusClose = 0,
    FlowerStatusOpen = 1,
};

/// 花期变化的协议
@protocol ObserveProtocol <NSObject>

- (void)flowerOnValueChanged:(FlowerStatus)status;

@end

#endif /* HummingProtocol_h */

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "HummingProtocol.h"
#import "Bee.h"

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface Flower : NSObject
/// 1 花开 其他 花谢
@property (nonatomic, assign) FlowerStatus status;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id <ObserveProtocol> delegate;

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "Flower.h"

@interface Flower ()

@end

@implementation Flower

- (void)setStatus:(FlowerStatus)status {
    _status = status;
    if (status == FlowerStatusOpen) {
        NSLog(@"Flower Open");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Flower Close");
    }
    //这里可以使用通知
    if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(flowerOnValueChanged:)]) {
        [self.delegate flowerOnValueChanged:status];
    }
}

@end

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "HummingProtocol.h"

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface Bee : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *id;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
- (instancetype)initWithID:(NSNumber *)number name:(NSString *)name;

/// 蜜蜂采蜜的方法
/// @param status 花期状态
- (void)onValueChanged:(FlowerStatus)status;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "Bee.h"

@implementation Bee
- (instancetype)initWithID:(NSNumber *)number name:(NSString *)name {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        _id = number;
        _name = name;
    }
    return self;
}
- (void)onValueChanged:(FlowerStatus)status {
    if (status == FlowerStatusOpen) {
        NSString *log = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@'s eating time",self.name];
        NSLog(@"%@",log);
    } else {
        NSString *log = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@'s bed time",self.name];
        NSLog(@"%@",log);
    }
}
@end

代理改良版，耦合度松调用：

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "Flower.h"

@interface ViewController ()<ObserveProtocol>
@property (nonatomic, strong) Flower *flower;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *swiftButton;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    self.flower = [[Flower alloc] init];
    self.flower.delegate = self;
}

- (IBAction)didTaaped:(UIButton *)sender {
    sender.selected = !sender.selected;
    self.flower.status = sender.selected;
    
    NSString *status = sender.selected ? @"Open" : @"Close";
    [self.swiftButton setTitle:status forState:0];
}
- (void)flowerOnValueChanged:(FlowerStatus)status {
    Bee *bee1 = [[Bee alloc] initWithID:@1 name:@"Bee 1"];
    Bee *bee2 = [[Bee alloc] initWithID:@2 name:@"Bee 2"];
    Bee *bee3 = [[Bee alloc] initWithID:@3 name:@"Bee 3"];
    
    [@[bee1,bee2,bee3] enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(Bee *  _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        [obj onValueChanged:status];
    }];
}
@end

Swift版本实现：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000023017604

import Foundation

protocol ObserveProtocol {
    var id : Int { get set}
    func onValueChanged(_ value : Any?)
}

protocol ObserableProtocol {
    var observes : [ObserveProtocol] { get set}
    func addObserve(_ observe : ObserveProtocol)
    func removeObserve(_ observe : ObserveProtocol)
    func notifyObserves(_ observes : [ObserveProtocol])
}

class Obserable<T>: ObserableProtocol {
    internal var observes: [ObserveProtocol] = []
    
    func addObserve(_ observe: ObserveProtocol) {
        guard self.observes.contains(where: { $0.id == observe.id }) == false else {
            return
        }
        self.observes.append(observe)
    }
    
    func removeObserve(_ observe: ObserveProtocol) {
        guard let index = self.observes.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == observe.id }) else {
            return
        }
        self.observes.remove(at: index)
    }
    
    func notifyObserves(_ observes: [ObserveProtocol]) {
        observes.forEach({ $0.onValueChanged(value) })
    }
    
    var value: T {
        didSet {
            self.notifyObserves(self.observes)
        }
    }

    init(value: T) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    deinit {
        observes.removeAll()
    }
}

enum FlowerStatus: String {
    case open = "Flower Open"
    case close = "Flower Close"
}

class Flower: Obserable<FlowerStatus> {
    var status: FlowerStatus {
        get {
            return self.value
        }
        set {
            print(newValue.rawValue)
            self.value = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct Bee: ObserveProtocol {
    var id: Int
    var name: String
    
    func onValueChanged(_ value: Any?) {
        if let status = value as? FlowerStatus {
            if status == .open {
                print("\(name)'s breakfast time")
            } else {
                print("\(name)'s bed time")
            }
        }
    }

}

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    @IBOutlet weak var button: UIButton!
    
    var flower = Flower(value: .close)

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
        
        let bee1 = Bee.init(id: 1, name: "Bee 1")
        let bee2 = Bee.init(id: 2, name: "Bee 2")
        let bee3 = Bee.init(id: 3, name: "Bee 3")
        
        self.flower.addObserve(bee1)
        self.flower.addObserve(bee2)
        self.flower.addObserve(bee3)
    }


    @IBAction func didButtonTapped(_ sender: UIButton) {
        sender.isSelected = !sender.isSelected
        let status = sender.isSelected ? "Flower Open" : "Flower Close"
        self.button.setTitle(status, for: .normal)
        self.flower.status = FlowerStatus(rawValue: status)!
    }
}