android开发常见问题(会持续更新)

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-29 20:56:23 发布

置顶 cangahi09025566

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-29 20:56:23 发布

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分类专栏： android适配文章标签： android原生开发

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cangahi09025566/article/details/94596493

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1.在TabLayout+Fragment+ViewPager中,将ViewPager嵌套在NestedScrollView中,发现TabLayout的tab项只能点击,不能左右滑动切换，解决的方案就是在NestedScrollView控件中添加如下代码即可

android:fillViewport="true"

2.安卓沉浸式适配
亲测可用,包括适配华为虚拟按键和没有虚拟按键的情况.由于vivo虚拟按键的这块我实在不知道怎么处理.故直接做隐藏处理。使用的话直接调用setStatusBarFullTransparent(getWindow(),getResources().getColor(R.color.bg_00DFDFDF));该代码一般放到BaseActivity后面的setContentView,这样避免了每个界面添加

/**
     * 全透状态栏
     */
    public static void setStatusBarFullTransparent(Window window, int parseColor) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {//21表示5.0
            window.getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_FULLSCREEN | View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_STABLE);
            window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS);
            window.setStatusBarColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
            if ("vivo".equals(android.os.Build.BRAND) || "oppo".equals(android.os.Build.BRAND)) {
                window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS);
                window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_NAVIGATION);
                hideBottomUIMenu(window);                                                   //直接隐藏调虚拟按键
            } else {
                window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS);        //兼容华为虚拟按键
                window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN);
            }
            try {
                // 设置状态栏底色颜色
                window.setStatusBarColor(parseColor);
                // 如果亮色，设置状态栏文字为黑色
                boolean dark = ColorUtils.calculateLuminance(parseColor) >= 0.5;
                if (MIUISetStatusBarLightMode(window, dark)) {
                    //小米的设置成功
                } else if (FlymeSetStatusBarLightMode(window, dark)) {
                    //魅族的设置成功
                } else {
                    if (ColorUtils.calculateLuminance(parseColor) >= 0.5) {
                        window.getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LIGHT_STATUS_BAR);
                    } else {
                        window.getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_VISIBLE);
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else{//表示5.0以下
            window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 小米MIUI系统 亲测好用
     *
     * @param window
     * @param dark
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean MIUISetStatusBarLightMode(Window window, boolean dark) {
        boolean result = false;
        if (window != null) {
            Class clazz = window.getClass();
            try {
                int darkModeFlag = 0;
                Class layoutParams = Class.forName("android.view.MiuiWindowManager$LayoutParams");
                Field field = layoutParams.getField("EXTRA_FLAG_STATUS_BAR_DARK_MODE");
                darkModeFlag = field.getInt(layoutParams);
                Method extraFlagField = clazz.getMethod("setExtraFlags", int.class, int.class);
                if (dark) {
                    extraFlagField.invoke(window, darkModeFlag, darkModeFlag);//状态栏透明且黑色字体
                } else {
                    extraFlagField.invoke(window, 0, darkModeFlag);//清除黑色字体
                }
                result = true;
            } catch (Exception e) {

            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 设置状态栏图标为深色和魅族特定的文字风格
     * 可以用来判断是否为Flyme用户
     *
     * @param window 需要设置的窗口
     * @param dark   是否把状态栏字体及图标颜色设置为深色
     * @return boolean 成功执行返回true
     */
    public static boolean FlymeSetStatusBarLightMode(Window window, boolean dark) {
        boolean result = false;
        if (window != null) {
            try {
                WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = window.getAttributes();
                Field darkFlag = WindowManager.LayoutParams.class.getDeclaredField("MEIZU_FLAG_DARK_STATUS_BAR_ICON");
                Field meizuFlags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.class.getDeclaredField("meizuFlags");
                darkFlag.setAccessible(true);
                meizuFlags.setAccessible(true);
                int bit = darkFlag.getInt(null);
                int value = meizuFlags.getInt(lp);
                if (dark) {
                    value |= bit;
                } else {
                    value &= ~bit;
                }
                meizuFlags.setInt(lp, value);
                window.setAttributes(lp);
                result = true;
            } catch (Exception e) {

            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    //隐藏虚拟按键
    public static void hideBottomUIMenu(Window window) {
        //隐藏虚拟按键，并且全屏
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 11 && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 19) { // lower api
            View v = window.getDecorView();
            v.setSystemUiVisibility(View.GONE);
        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {
            WindowManager.LayoutParams params = window.getAttributes();
            params.systemUiVisibility = View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION|View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE;
            window.setAttributes(params);
        }
    }

3.安卓xml的形式自定义阴影
这里只设置底部的阴影,如需设置其它的阴影,则设置padding里面的top,lef和right三个方向的阴影,这个基本上可以做通用阴影模块

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp" />
            <solid android:color="#0DCCCCCC" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp" />
            <solid android:color="#10CCCCCC" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp" />
            <solid android:color="#15CCCCCC" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp" />
            <solid android:color="#20CCCCCC" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
            <padding
                android:bottom="2dp" />
            <solid android:color="#30CCCCCC" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item>
        <shape>
            <solid android:color="#FFFFFF" />
        </shape>
    </item>

</layer-list>

4.安卓手机系统自带左滑右滑返回事件监听(主要有时候需要自定义自己的返回事件方法)
我这块主要是处理webView里面打开多个网页时返回事件的处理,一定要返回true,不然会受onKeyUp事件的影响

//监听系统滑动返回手势事件(拦截处理)
    @Override
    public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {
        if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
            if (binding.webView.canGoBack()) {
                binding.webView.goBack();
            } else {
                setResult(RESULT_OK);
                present.finish();
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

5.android非常简单的自定义弹出框实现(基本上种下的弹出框都可以套用)
自定义一个View继承者AlertDialog,具体代码实现如下

//通用组件,弹出框位置由View布局文件控制,主要用于底部,中间和顶部位置弹出
public class CurrencyDialog<T extends View> extends AlertDialog {
    private T view;
    private Boolean cancel = false;
    
    public CurrencyDialog(@NonNull Context context, T  view) {
        super(context, R.style.dialog);
        this.view = view;
    }
    public <V extends View> V getView(int viewId) {
        return view.findViewById(viewId);
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.currency_dialog_layout);
        FrameLayout frameLayout = findViewById(R.id.frameLayout);
        WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = getWindow().getAttributes();
        lp.alpha = 1f;
        lp.width = FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
        lp.height = FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
        frameLayout.addView(view);
        getWindow().setAttributes(lp);
    }
}

布局文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/frameLayout"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">
  
</FrameLayout>

代码实现示例
1.1 弹出框布局文件(布局文件建议一定要以RelativeLayout作为根布局,然后通过其设置)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/transparent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    
    <!--    最好以RelativeLayout为根布局,然后通过设置-->
    <!--    android:layout_centerInParent="true"-->
    <!--    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"-->
    <!--    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"-->
    <!--    设置弹出框的位置是居中,底部还是顶部弹出-->
    <!--    记得设置根布局RelativeLayout的 背景色为:-->
    <!--    android:background="@android:color/transparent"-->
    
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="30dp"
        android:background="@drawable/drawable_round_edge"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"
            android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
            android:layout_marginRight="50dp"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="退出登录？"
            android:textColor="#333333"
            android:textSize="16sp" />


        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="horizontal">

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/cancel"
                android:layout_width="120dp"
                android:layout_height="38dp"
                android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
                android:layout_marginBottom="30dp"
                android:background="@drawable/button_corner_exit"
                android:text="取消"
                android:textColor="#666666" />

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/confirm"
                android:layout_width="120dp"
                android:layout_height="38dp"
                android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
                android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
                android:layout_marginBottom="30dp"
                android:background="@drawable/button2_corner"
                android:text="@string/confirm"
                android:textColor="#FFFFFF" />
        </LinearLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

1.2 java代码中使用

<!-- 初始化弹出框View-->
 View quitView= LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.dialog_exit,null,false);
 <!--将自定义的弹出框View添加至弹出框布局-->
 CurrencyDialog quitDialog=new CurrencyDialog(getContext(), successView);
 <!--自定义View弹出框View控件的初始化-->
 Button cancel=quitView.findViewById(R.id.cancel);
 Button confirm=quitView.findViewById(R.id.confirm);
 <!--弹出框弹出和消失方法-->
 quitDialog.show();
 quitDialog.dismiss();

6.避免点击控件多次跳转问题

    <!-- 全局变量-->
    public static final int DELAY = 1000;
    private static long lastClickTime = 0;
      //避免重复点击,将需要执行的代码放到条件为true的判断里面
    public static boolean isNotFastClick() {
        long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        if (currentTime - lastClickTime > DELAY) {
            lastClickTime = currentTime;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

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android开发常见问题(会持续更新)

1.在TabLayout+Fragment+ViewPager中,将ViewPager嵌套在NestedScrollView中,发现TabLayout的tab项只能点击,不能左右滑动切换，解决的方案就是在NestedScrollView控件中添加如下代码即可android:fillViewport="true"...
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