python unittest用法

python的unittest模块提供了一个测试框架，只要我们写一个继承unittest.TestCase的类，类中用setUp做初始化，用tearDown做清理。
主要用到的函数有：
failedinfo表示不成立打印信息failedinfo，为可选参数
self.fail([msg])会无条件的导致测试失败，不推荐使用。
self.assertEqual(value1, value2, failedinfo) # 断言value1 == value2
self.assertTrue(表达式, failedinfo) # 断言value为真
self.assertFalse(表达式, failedinfo) # 断言value为假
# 断言肯定发生异常，如果没发生异常，则为测试失败。
# 参数1为异常，参数二为抛出异常的调用对象，剩余参数为传递给可调用对象的参数。
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.widget.resize, -1, -1)
调用时机的加self,如self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10))，self.assertTrue(value > 100)

更详细的教程见：http://pyunit.sourceforge.net/pyunit_cn.html

 

#coding=utf-8
import random
import unittest

class TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.seq = range(10)
        
    def test_shuffle(self):
        # make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements
        random.shuffle(self.seq)
        self.seq.sort()
        self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10))
        
        # should raise an exception for an immutable sequence
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))

    def test_choice(self):
        element = random.choice(self.seq)
        self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)
 
    def test_sample(self):
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            random.sample(self.seq, 20)
        for element in random.sample(self.seq, 5):
            self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)

results_fields = [
    ("username", unicode),
    ("showid", unicode),
    ("total_pv", int),
    ("pubdate", unicode),
    ("tags", list),
    ("showname", unicode),
    ("pg", int),
    ("ext", str),
]
results_fields_map = dict(results_fields)
class TestDictValueFormatFunctions(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.results = [{
            "username": u"疯狂豆花",
            "showid": u"130e28f0fe0811e0a046",
            "total_pv": 14503214,
            "pubdate": u"2012-07-07 01:22:47",
            "tags": [
                "轩辕剑",
                "天之痕"
                ],
            "showname" : u"轩辕剑之天之痕",
            "pg" : 1,
            "ext" : "mp4"
        }
        ]
    def test_format(self):
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.results, list), "self.results's type must be dict but got {0}".format(type(self.results)))
        for r in self.results:
            for f in results_fields_map:
                value = r.get(f, None)
                self.assertTrue(isinstance(value, results_fields_map[f]), u"{0}'s type must be {1} but got {2}".format(value, results_fields_map[f], type(value)))
                #self.assertTrue(isinstance(value, results_fields_map[f]))
    def test_value(self):
        for r in self.results:
            self.assertEqual(r["pg"], 1)
            self.assertEqual(r["ext"], u"mp4")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # unittest.main() # 用这个是最简单的，下面的用法可以同时测试多个类
    # unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite1) # 这个等价于上述但可设置verbosity=2，省去了运行时加-v
    suite1 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestSequenceFunctions)
    suite2 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestDictValueFormatFunctions)
    suite = unittest.TestSuite([suite1, suite2])
    unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)