把ATmega128开发板转为Arduino

        暑假来临，闲来无事，听有同学在玩arduino，挺想尝试看看，但是不想买啊，正好手中有一套ATmege128的开发板。以前听过arduino是由avr封装而成，于是就想把这avr开发板改造下。GOOGLE了下，还是有办法的。

        其实Arduino，就是在AVR单片机上烧录了一个bootloader,在通过arduino集成开发环境与单片机进行通讯，继而进行片上编程。

        转载请注明原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/embbnux/article/details/9391781

  博主最近在电脑上自建了博客，以后会更多的用那个了，欢迎关注访问，里面也有很多有用资源：

      http://www.embbnux.com/

AVR环境：

       编译环境： ubuntu + avr-gcc 

       烧写工具： avrdude+usbasp

 具体构建步骤查看上一篇博客。

   avr环境多种多样，在linux下还可以用eclipse集成环境。在window下推荐用WINAVR,其实本质上和linux下一样是用avr-gcc，烧写工具用prgisp.当然有了avr jtag仿真器就更好了，不用usbasp.

下载arduino工具：

      arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

     我下载的linux 64位版本，下载后解压到主目录下。

开发板：

       BK-AVR128开发板   

一、制作属于atmega128的bootloader

       代码主要是arduino工具自带的，编译时有点问题，我改了几处。

        可以直接到我的资源里面下载编译好的hex文件直接烧写到单片机就可以了：

           download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/5809329

 源代码boot _mega128.c：

     

/**********************************************************/
/* Serial Bootloader for Atmel megaAVR Controllers        */
/*                                                        */
/* tested with ATmega8, ATmega128 and ATmega168           */
/* should work with other mega's, see code for details    */
/*                                                        */
/*                                           */
/*                                                        */
/*                                                        */
/* 20090308: integrated Mega changes into main bootloader */
/*           source by D. Mellis                          */
/* 20080930: hacked for Arduino Mega (with the 1280       */
/*           processor, backwards compatible)             */
/*           by D. Cuartielles                            */
/* 20070626: hacked for Arduino Diecimila (which auto-    */
/*           resets when a USB connection is made to it)  */
/*           by D. Mellis                                 */
/* 20060802: hacked for Arduino by D. Cuartielles         */
/*           based on a previous hack by D. Mellis        */
/*           and D. Cuartielles                           */
/*                                                        */
/* Monitor and debug functions were added to the original */
/* code by Dr. Erik Lins, chip45.com. (See below)         */
/*                                                        */
/* Thanks to Karl Pitrich for fixing a bootloader pin     */
/* problem and more informative LED blinking!             */
/*                                                        */
/* For the latest version see:                            */
/* http://www.chip45.com/                                 */
/*                                                        */
/* ------------------------------------------------------ */
/*                                                        */
/* based on stk500boot.c                                  */
/* Copyright (c) 2003, Jason P. Kyle                      */
/* All rights reserved.                                   */
/* see avr1.org for original file and information         */
/*                                                        */
/* This program is free software; you can redistribute it */
/* and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General    */
/* Public License as published by the Free Software       */
/* Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or        */
/* (at your option) any later version.                    */
/*                                                        */
/* This program is distributed in the hope that it will   */
/* be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the  */
/* implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A   */
/* PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public        */
/* License for more details.                              */
/*                                                        */
/* You should have received a copy of the GNU General     */
/* Public License along with this program; if not, write  */
/* to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                 */
/* 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA */
/*                                                        */
/* Licence can be viewed at                               */
/* http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt                    */
/*                                                        */
/* Target = Atmel AVR m128,m64,m32,m16,m8,m162,m163,m169, */
/* m8515,m8535. ATmega161 has a very small boot block so  */
/* isn't supported.                                       */
/*                                                        */
/* Tested with m168                                       */
/**********************************************************/

/* $Id$ */


/* some includes */
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
#include <util/delay.h>

/* the current avr-libc eeprom functions do not support the ATmega168 */
/* own eeprom write/read functions are used instead */
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega168__) || !defined(__AVR_ATmega328P__)
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#endif

/* Use the F_CPU defined in Makefile */

/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp */
/* 20070626: hacked by David A. Mellis to decrease waiting time for auto-reset */
/* set the waiting time for the bootloader */
/* get this from the Makefile instead */
#define MAX_TIME_COUNT (F_CPU>>1)

/* 20070707: hacked by David A. Mellis - after this many errors give up and launch application */
#define MAX_ERROR_COUNT 5

/* set the UART baud rate */
/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp */
//#define BAUD_RATE   115200
#ifndef BAUD_RATE
#define BAUD_RATE   19200
#endif


/* SW_MAJOR and MINOR needs to be updated from time to time to avoid warning message from AVR Studio */
/* never allow AVR Studio to do an update !!!! */
#define HW_VER	 0x02
#define SW_MAJOR 0x01
#define SW_MINOR 0x10


/* Adjust to suit whatever pin your hardware uses to enter the bootloader */
/* ATmega128 has two UARTS so two pins are used to enter bootloader and select UART */
/* ATmega1280 has four UARTS, but for Arduino Mega, we will only use RXD0 to get code */
/* BL0... means UART0, BL1... means UART1 */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
#define BL_DDR  DDRF
#define BL_PORT PORTF
#define BL_PIN  PINF
#define BL0     PINF7
#define BL1     PINF6
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega1280__
/* we just don't do anything for the MEGA and enter bootloader on reset anyway*/
#else
/* other ATmegas have only one UART, so only one pin is defined to enter bootloader */
#define BL_DDR  DDRD
#define BL_PORT PORTD
#define BL_PIN  PIND
#define BL      PIND6
#endif


/* onboard LED is used to indicate, that the bootloader was entered (3x flashing) */
/* if monitor functions are included, LED goes on after monitor was entered */
#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__ || defined __AVR_ATmega1280__
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB7 (e.g. Crumb128, PROBOmega128, Savvy128, Arduino Mega) */
#define LED_DDR  DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN  PINB
#define LED      PINB7
#else
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB5 in Arduino NG, Diecimila, and Duomilanuove */
/* other boards like e.g. Crumb8, Crumb168 are using PB2 */
#define LED_DDR  DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN  PINB
#define LED      PINB5
#endif


/* monitor functions will only be compiled when using ATmega128, due to bootblock size constraints */
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega128__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
#define MONITOR 1
#endif


/* define various device id's */
/* manufacturer byte is always the same */
#define SIG1	0x1E	// Yep, Atmel is the only manufacturer of AVR micros.  Single source :(

#if defined __AVR_ATmega1280__
#define SIG2	0x97
#define SIG3	0x03
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x80U	//128 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega1281__
#define SIG2	0x97
#define SIG3	0x04
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x80U	//128 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega128__
#define SIG2	0x97
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x80U	//128 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega64__
#define SIG2	0x96
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x80U	//128 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega32__
#define SIG2	0x95
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega16__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x03
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x07
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega88__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x0a
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x06
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega328P__
#define SIG2	0x95
#define SIG3	0x0F
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega162__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x04
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega163__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega169__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x05
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8515__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x06
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8535__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x08
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words
#endif


/* function prototypes */
void putch(char);
char getch(void);
void getNch(uint8_t);
void byte_response(uint8_t);
void nothing_response(void);
char gethex(void);
void puthex(char);
void flash_led(uint8_t);

/* some variables */
union add