python实现复杂对象转json

对象转json

你可以使用Python内置的json模块中的dumps()方法将Python对象转换为JSON格式。对于复杂对象，可以使用default参数来指定一个函数，该函数将被用于对象的序列化。例如，如果您有一个自定义类，您可以定义一个函数来将其转换为JSON格式。下面是一个例子：

import json

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

def person_encoder(person):
    if isinstance(person, Person):
        return {"name": person.name, "age": person.age}
    else:
        raise TypeError("Object of type Person is not JSON serializable")

person = Person("John", 30)
person_json = json.dumps(person, default=person_encoder)
print(person_json)

这里是一个更复杂的例子，它演示了如何将嵌套的Python对象转换为JSON格式：

import json

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

class Student(Person):
    def __init__(self, name, age, major):
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.major = major

class Teacher(Person):
    def __init__(self, name, age, subject):
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.subject = subject

def person_encoder(person):
    if isinstance(person, Person):
        return {"name": person.name, "age": person.age}
    else:
        raise TypeError("Object of type Person is not JSON serializable")

def student_encoder(student):
    if isinstance(student, Student):
        return {"name": student.name, "age": student.age, "major": student.major}
    else:
        raise TypeError("Object of type Student is not JSON serializable")

def teacher_encoder(teacher):
    if isinstance(teacher, Teacher):
        return {"name": teacher.name, "age": teacher.age, "subject": teacher.subject}
    else:
        raise TypeError("Object of type Teacher is not JSON serializable")

student = Student("John", 20, "Computer Science")
teacher = Teacher("Jane", 35, "Mathematics")
person_list = [student, teacher]
person_json = json.dumps(person_list,
                         default=lambda obj: obj.__dict__,
                         indent=4,
                         separators=(',', ': '),
                         sort_keys=True,
                         ensure_ascii=False)
print(person_json)

字典转对象

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

person_dict = {"name": "John", "age": 30}
person = Person(**person_dict)

print(person.name)
print(person.age)