【稳住，can win】Matplotlib 绘制散点图、条形图和直方图

绘制 3, 10 月份每天白天的最高气温散点图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic-gbsn00lp/gbsn00lp.ttf")


y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]
y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]

x_3 = range(1, 32)
x_10 = range(51, 82)

plt.scatter(x_3, y_3,label="3月份")
plt.scatter(x_10, y_10,label="10月份")

# 添加图例
plt.legend(loc="upper left",prop=font)

# 调整刻度
_x = list(x_3) + list(x_10)
_xtick_labels = ["3月{}日".format(i) for i in x_3]
_xtick_labels += ["10月{}日".format(i-50) for i in x_10]
plt.xticks(_x[::3], _xtick_labels[::3], rotation=45, fontproperties=font)

# 添加描述信息
plt.xlabel("时间", fontproperties=font)
plt.ylabel("温度 单位(℃)", fontproperties=font)
plt.title("10点到12点气温变化", fontproperties=font)

plt.show()

绘制票房统计条形图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
from numpy.lib.function_base import append

font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic-gbsn00lp/gbsn00lp.ttf")

a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]

b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23] 

plt.barh(range(len(a)), b)

plt.yticks(range(len(a)), a, fontproperties=font)

plt.grid(alpha=0.3)
plt.show()

绘制电影时长统计直方图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic-gbsn00lp/gbsn00lp.ttf")

a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]

# 设置组距
d = 3 
# 计算组距
num_bins = (max(a)-min(a)) // d

plt.hist(a, num_bins)

plt.xticks(range(min(a), max(a)+d, d))

plt.grid(alpha=0.3)

plt.show()

绘制不同组距的直方图

绘制不同组距的直方图时需要通过条形图紧密连接组成直方图。

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic-gbsn00lp/gbsn00lp.ttf")

interval = [0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,60,90]
width = [5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,15,30,60]
quantity = [836,2737,3723,3926,3596,1438,3273,642,824,613,215,47]

plt.bar(range(len(quantity)), quantity, width=1)

# 设置x轴的刻度
_x = [i-0.5 for i in range(13)]
_xtick_labels = interval+[150]
plt.xticks(_x, _xtick_labels)

plt.grid()
plt.show()