spring的bean定义真的和顺序无关？

http://narcissusoyf.iteye.com/blog/705511

在使用Ibatis的时候，如果某个sql的定义出现在引用sql的定义之后的话，笨笨的ibatis是会报错的。。这让用惯了spring的人会感到烦躁，为什么ibatis不能和spring一样，做到xml定义的时候与顺序无关。。。但是 spring 真的能够做到完全与bean定义的顺序无关么？下面的代码，会让我们警醒下：

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     
3.          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     
4.          xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     
5.          xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     
6.          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd      
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd      
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"   
9.            default-autowire="byName">     
10.    <bean id="a" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
11.         <property name="target" ref="targetA" />     
12.         <property name="interceptorNames">  
13.             <list>  
14.                 <value>beforeAdvisor</value>  
15.             </list>  
16.         </property>  
17.     </bean>          
18.     <bean id="targetA" class="reference.A"></bean>     
19.     <bean id="targetB" class="reference.B"></bean>     
20.     <bean id="beforeAdvice" class="reference.BeforeAdvice" />  
21.     <bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="reference.BeforeAdvisor">  
22.         <property name="advice" ref="beforeAdvice"/>  
23.     </bean>  
24.     <bean id="b" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
25.         <property name="target" ref="targetB" />     
26.         <property name="interceptorNames">  
27.             <list>  
28.                 <value>beforeAdvisor</value>  
29.             </list>  
30.         </property>  
31.     </bean>  
32. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
         xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
         xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"
           default-autowire="byName">  
   <bean id="a" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="target" ref="targetA" />	
		<property name="interceptorNames">
			<list>
				<value>beforeAdvisor</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>       
	<bean id="targetA" class="reference.A"></bean> 	
	<bean id="targetB" class="reference.B"></bean>	
	<bean id="beforeAdvice" class="reference.BeforeAdvice" />
	<bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="reference.BeforeAdvisor">
		<property name="advice" ref="beforeAdvice"/>
	</bean>
	<bean id="b" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="target" ref="targetB" />	
		<property name="interceptorNames">
			<list>
				<value>beforeAdvisor</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

 一个简单的循环引用 + ProxyFactoryBean 定义。

启动spring的代码：

Java代码  

1. public class Main    
2. {   
3.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException   
4.     {   
5.   
6.         ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/files/reference.xml");   
7.         InterfaceA a = (InterfaceA) ac.getBean("a");   
8.         a.ok();   
9.     }   
10. }  

public class Main 
{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
	{

		ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/files/reference.xml");
		InterfaceA a = (InterfaceA) ac.getBean("a");
		a.ok();
	}
}

 接着就是悲剧的error:

Java代码  

1. Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'a': org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBeanNotInitializedException: Cannot determine target class for proxy   
2.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.java:147)   
3.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.getObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.java:109)   
4.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObjectForBeanInstance(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1387)   
5.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:244)   
6.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:189)   
7.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireByName(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1085)   
8.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1035)   
9.     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:511)   
10.     ... 39 more  

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'a': org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBeanNotInitializedException: Cannot determine target class for proxy
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.doGetObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.java:147)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.getObjectFromFactoryBean(FactoryBeanRegistrySupport.java:109)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObjectForBeanInstance(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1387)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:244)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:189)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireByName(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1085)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1035)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:511)
	... 39 more

  好，那么我们换下bean定义的顺序吧:

Xml代码  

1. <bean id="targetA" class="reference.A"></bean>     
2. <bean id="a" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
3.     <property name="target" ref="targetA" />     
4.     <property name="interceptorNames">  
5.         <list>  
6.             <value>beforeAdvisor</value>  
7.         </list>  
8.     </property>  
9. </bean>      
10. <bean id="targetB" class="reference.B"></bean>     
11. <bean id="beforeAdvice" class="reference.BeforeAdvice" />  
12. <bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="reference.BeforeAdvisor">  
13.     <property name="advice" ref="beforeAdvice"/>  
14. </bean>  
15. <bean id="b" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
16.     <property name="target" ref="targetB" />     
17.     <property name="interceptorNames">  
18.         <list>  
19.             <value>beforeAdvisor</value>  
20.         </list>  
21.     </property>  
22. </bean>  

	<bean id="targetA" class="reference.A"></bean> 	
	<bean id="a" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="target" ref="targetA" />	
		<property name="interceptorNames">
			<list>
				<value>beforeAdvisor</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>   
	<bean id="targetB" class="reference.B"></bean>	
	<bean id="beforeAdvice" class="reference.BeforeAdvice" />
	<bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="reference.BeforeAdvisor">
		<property name="advice" ref="beforeAdvice"/>
	</bean>
	<bean id="b" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="target" ref="targetB" />	
		<property name="interceptorNames">
			<list>
				<value>beforeAdvisor</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>

 再run一次：

Java代码  

1. 2010-7-4 23:09:09 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh   
2. 信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@32fb4f: startup date [Sun Jul 04 23:09:09 CST 2010]; root of context hierarchy   
3. 2010-7-4 23:09:09 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions   
4. 信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [files/reference.xml]   
5. 2010-7-4 23:09:09 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons   
6. 信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1d7ad1c: defining beans [targetA,a,targetB,beforeAdvice,beforeAdvisor,b]; root of factory hierarchy   
7. xxx   
8. $Proxy1  

2010-7-4 23:09:09 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@32fb4f: startup date [Sun Jul 04 23:09:09 CST 2010]; root of context hierarchy
2010-7-4 23:09:09 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [files/reference.xml]
2010-7-4 23:09:09 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1d7ad1c: defining beans [targetA,a,targetB,beforeAdvice,beforeAdvisor,b]; root of factory hierarchy
xxx
$Proxy1

 

成功了。。。。。

 

duo xi die ? 这是为什么呢？

 

这里的问题确实是出在bean定义的顺序上面。applicationContext 在refresh的时候，是按照bean定义的顺序来加载singleton bean 的(除开BeanPostProcessor,BeanPostProcessor 在singleton加载之前被bean化)。如果仅仅只是加载普通的Bean或者普通的FactoryBean的话，Spring已经通过某种方式很好的解决了singleton循环依赖的问题。

 

导致这个问题的原因，是由2个原因叠加产生的：

1  FactoryBean的getObject(),需要开发者自己去做处理。如果是new 个对象，那么这个对象就享受不到spring 的IOC 的好处，因为它脱离了spring 容器的管辖。 而ProxyFactoryBean 的 getObject() 在获取代理对象的时候，会对target的属性有依赖，如果target的某些值为空，会抛错。(这里的target 通指 targetName,target)

 

2 spring 再 bean化 bean的时候，是分为2步的，第一步可以简单的认为new个对象出来，第二步为这个new出来的对象设置属性。就是去容器里面把这个bean需要的其他bean给注入进来。在第2步的时候，注入给其他的bean的bean 可能没有被完全bean化,很有可能只是完成了第一步的bean，还是个“半成品”。但是在整个容器初始化结束的时候，这些“半成品”bean会被变成“合格品”。

 

1 + 2 ，恩，就是ProxyFactoryBean在getObject()的时候，依赖了一个“半成品”，结果就悲剧了。

Java代码  

1. private synchronized Object getSingletonInstance() {   
2.     if (this.singletonInstance == null) {   
3.         this.targetSource = freshTargetSource();   
4.         if (this.autodetectInterfaces && getProxiedInterfaces().length == 0 && !isProxyTargetClass()) {   
5.             // Rely on AOP infrastructure to tell us what interfaces to proxy.   
6.             Class targetClass = getTargetClass();   
7.             if (targetClass == null) {   
8.                 throw new FactoryBeanNotInitializedException("Cannot determine target class for proxy");   
9.             }   
10.             setInterfaces(ClassUtils.getAllInterfacesForClass(targetClass, this.proxyClassLoader));   
11.         }   
12.         // Initialize the shared singleton instance.   
13.         super.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);   
14.         this.singletonInstance = getProxy(createAopProxy());   
15.     }   
16.     return this.singletonInstance;   
17. }  

	private synchronized Object getSingletonInstance() {
		if (this.singletonInstance == null) {
			this.targetSource = freshTargetSource();
			if (this.autodetectInterfaces && getProxiedInterfaces().length == 0 && !isProxyTargetClass()) {
				// Rely on AOP infrastructure to tell us what interfaces to proxy.
				Class targetClass = getTargetClass();
				if (targetClass == null) {
					throw new FactoryBeanNotInitializedException("Cannot determine target class for proxy");
				}
				setInterfaces(ClassUtils.getAllInterfacesForClass(targetClass, this.proxyClassLoader));
			}
			// Initialize the shared singleton instance.
			super.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);
			this.singletonInstance = getProxy(createAopProxy());
		}
		return this.singletonInstance;
	}

 这里的targetSource 是ProxyFactoryBean 在设置target属性的时候被设置进去的，很可惜的是，这个时候的 target 指向的Bean 还在创建中，无法走到调用setTarget() 这一步。所以，这个时候的targetSource 就是个 EMPTY_TARGET_SOURCE,它返回的targetClass  就是null. 所以就失败了。。。。

 

原因找到了，那么怎么解决呢？

解决也有2个方法，就是针对导致问题的2个原因作出处理么？

A方案：

针对 ProxyFactoryBean 在getObject的时候，一定要求 targetSource的targetClass不为空，那么我就让他fresh下吧。

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     
3.          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     
4.          xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     
5.          xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     
6.          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd      
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd      
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"   
9.            default-autowire="byName">     
10.           
11.        
12.     <bean id="a" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
13.         <property name="targetName" value="targetA" />       
14.         <property name="interceptorNames">  
15.             <list>  
16.                 <value>beforeAdvisor</value>  
17.             </list>  
18.         </property>  
19.     </bean>      
20.        
21.     <bean id="targetA" class="reference.A"></bean>     
22.     <bean id="targetB" class="reference.B"></bean>     
23.     <bean id="beforeAdvice" class="reference.BeforeAdvice" />  
24.     <bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="reference.BeforeAdvisor">  
25.         <property name="advice" ref="beforeAdvice"/>  
26.     </bean>  
27.     <bean id="b" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">  
28.         <property name="targetName" value="targetB" />       
29.         <property name="interceptorNames">  
30.             <list>  
31.                 <value>beforeAdvisor</value>  
32.             </list>  
33.         </property>  
34.     </bean>  
35. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
         xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
         xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"
           default-autowire="byName">  
       
	
	<bean id="a" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="targetName" value="targetA" />	
		<property name="interceptorNames">
			<list>
				<value>beforeAdvisor</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>   
	
	<bean id="targetA" class="reference.A"></bean> 	
	<bean id="targetB" class="reference.B"></bean>	
	<bean id="beforeAdvice" class="reference.BeforeAdvice" />
	<bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="reference.BeforeAdvisor">
		<property name="advice" ref="beforeAdvice"/>
	</bean>
	<bean id="b" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="targetName" value="targetB" />	
		<property name="interceptorNames">
			<list>
				<value>beforeAdvisor</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

 把 target,换成targetName 就可以了

 

B方案：

因为spring 在解决循环依赖的时候，化了个好大好大的圈，以至于我们需要的某个属性迟迟还没有set进来。

那么我们可以把这个大大的圈分成N个小小的圈吗。。

既然spring初始化singleton bean是从xml文件第一个bean开始的(除开BeanPostProcessor)，那么我们就好好利用下这个第一个Bean么。。就把bean定义的位置给换下吧。。

 

 

spring 还是和bean定义的顺序有关的。希望大家在使用spring的时候，有所警醒。这个几率的问题不是很大，在使用ProxyFactoryBean 的时候最好使用 targetName 属性。另外，在使用FactoryBean的时候，需要借鉴下ProxyFactoryBean所导致的问题，对于某些属性依赖的话，不要太相信spring会在那个时候给你设置进去。