http://zhuchengzzcc.iteye.com/blog/1534311
相比WebService,Hessian更简单、快捷。采用的是二进制RPC协议(Binary),因为采用的是二进制协议,所以它很适合于发送二进制数据。Hessian通常通过Web应用来提供服务,因此非常类似于WebService。只是它不使用SOAP协议。
Hessian通过Servlet提供远程服务。需要将匹配某个模式的请求映射到Hessian服务。Spring的DispatcherServlet可以完成该功能,DispatcherServlet可将匹配模式的请求转发到Hessian服务。Hessian的server端提供一个servlet基类, 用来处理发送的请求,而Hessian的这个远程过程调用,完全使用动态代理来实现的,,推荐采用面向接口编程,因此,Hessian服务建议通过接口暴露。
Hessian处理过程示意图:
客户端——>序列化写到输出流——>远程方法(服务器端)——>序列化写到输出流 ——>客户端读取输入流——>输出结果
环境搭建
Hessian的下载和安装请按如下步骤进行:
(1)登http://www.caucho.com/hessian/下载Hessian。
(2)把Hessian相应的Jar包放到Web应用下,所有的jar文件都应该放在WEB-INF/lib下,该文件也不例外。
两种方式
1.纯Hessian
这种方式主要是适用于工程中没有适用像spring框架的情况下,好处是配置方便,但是当内容多的情况下,配置的内容很多。
- package test;
- import java.util.List;
- /**
- * @author zhuc
- * @version 2012-5-17 下午9:15:50
- */
- public interface IService {
- /**
- * @param name
- * @return
- */
- public String sayHello(String name);
- /**
- * @return
- */
- public Car getMyCar();
- /**
- * @return
- */
- public List<String> getList();
- }
- package test;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet;
- /**
- * @author zhuc
- * @version 2012-5-17 下午9:16:35
- */
- public class ServiceImpl extends HessianServlet implements IService {
- /**
- *
- */
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 8385639368192939451L;
- @Override
- public String sayHello(String name) {
- return "hello: " + name;
- }
- @Override
- public Car getMyCar() {
- Car c = new Car();
- c.setName("哈哈车");
- return c;
- }
- @Override
- public List<String> getList() {
- List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
- list.add("haha");
- list.add("hehe");
- return list;
- }
- }
- package test;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- /**
- * @author zhuc
- * @version 2012-5-17 下午10:29:18
- */
- public class Car implements Serializable {
- /**
- *
- */
- private static final long serialVersionUID = -1115598660168001267L;
- private String name;
- /**
- * @return the name
- */
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- /**
- * @param name the name to set
- */
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- /**
- * @return the serialversionuid
- */
- public static long getSerialversionuid() {
- return serialVersionUID;
- }
- }
web.xml的详细配置
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>Hello</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>home-class</param-name>
- <param-value>test.ServiceImpl</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>home-api</param-name>
- <param-value>test.IService</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>Hello</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/Hello</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
客户端远程调用服务器端提供的接口,利用的就是Hessian的HessianProxyFactory,来实现远程代理
- package test;
- import java.net.MalformedURLException;
- import java.util.List;
- import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
- /**
- * @author zhuc
- * @version 2012-5-17 下午9:31:14
- */
- public class ClientTest {
- /**
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- String url = "http://localhost:8080/Hessian/Hello";
- HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory();
- try {
- IService hello = (IService) factory.create(IService.class, url);
- System.out.println(hello.sayHello("zhuc-no"));
- Car c = hello.getMyCar();
- System.out.println(c.getName());
- List<String> list = hello.getList();
- for (String string : list) {
- System.out.println(string);
- }
- } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
输出结果,成功
hello: zhuc-no
哈哈车
haha
hehe
2.Hessian与Spring整合
相比上一种方式,这个方式就有点麻烦了。Hessian通过Servlet提供远程服务。需要将匹配某个模式的请求映射到Hessian服务。Spring的DispatcherServlet可以完成该功能,DispatcherServlet可将匹配模式的请求转发到Hessian服务,web.xml只是定义了“请求转发器”,该转发器将匹配/remoting/*的请求截获,转发给context的bean处理。而HessianServiceExporter提供bean服务。
所以Hessian与Spring整合主要就是一下两个工作:
1:通过DispatcherServlet来拦截URL请求。
2:HessianServiceExporter提供bean服务,Spring使用HessianServiceExporter,将一个常规bean导出成Hessian服务。
修改web.xml的详细配置
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <!--
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>/WEB-INF/remoting-servlet.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- 在/WEB-INF/增加一个叫servlet-name-servlet.xml配置文件。该文件的命名有一定的规则,
- 红色servlet-name需要和web.xml中的<servlet-name>springhessian</servlet-name>定义的名称相匹配,
- 比如本例子应叫remoting-servlet.xml,这样简单也不容易出错。
- 当然该文件也可以自己任意命名。如果是自定义的文件名称不符合上述默认的规则,
- 需要在<servlet>中增加<init-param>相关属性,人为指定加载配置文件,否则会报错
- -->
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/remoting/*</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
配置remoting-servlet.xml文件,将其放于/WEB-INF/下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
- <!-- 定义普通bean实例 -->
- <bean id="serviceImpl" class="test.ServiceImpl" />
- <!-- 使用HessianServiceExporter 将普通bean导出成Hessian服务 -->
- <bean name="/hessianCommentService"
- class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
- <!-- 需要导出的目标bean -->
- <property name="service" ref="serviceImpl" />
- <!-- Hessian服务的接口 -->
- <property name="serviceInterface" value="test.IService" />
- </bean>
- </beans>
客户端定义一个remoting-client.xml文件
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
- <bean id="myServiceClient"
- class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">
- <property name="serviceUrl">
- <value>http://localhost:8080/Hessian/remoting/hessianCommentService</value>
- </property>
- <property name="serviceInterface">
- <value>test.IService</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
客户端调用
- package spring;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- import test.Car;
- import test.IService;
- /**
- * @author zhuc
- * @version 2012-5-17 下午9:59:31
- */
- public class ClientTest {
- /**
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
- "spring/remoting-client.xml");
- IService hello = (IService) context.getBean("myServiceClient");
- System.out.println(hello.sayHello("zhuc-spring"));
- Car c = hello.getMyCar();
- System.out.println(c.getName());
- List<String> list = hello.getList();
- for (String string : list) {
- System.out.println(string);
- }
- }
- }
输出结果同上。
注:上述spring方式,客户端中的请求URL
http://localhost:8080/Hessian/remoting/hessianCommentService 中的hessianCommentService需要和remoting-servlet.xml配置中HessianServiceExporter的bean name相同,否则将会找不到server端