说明:Java多线程相关相关几篇文章转自http://lavasoft.blog.51cto.com/62575/27069/。为以后查阅方便,转载到此处。
在Java5中,专门提供了锁对象,利用锁可以方便的实现资源的封锁,用来控制对竞争资源并发访问的控制,这些内容主要集中在java.util.concurrent.locks 包下面,里面有三个重要的接口Condition、Lock、ReadWriteLock。
Condition | 将 Object 监视器方法(wait、notify 和 notifyAll)分解成截然不同的对象,以便通过将这些对象与任意 Lock 实现组合使用,为每个对象提供多个等待 set (wait-set)。 |
Lock | 实现提供了比使用 synchronized 方法和语句可获得的更广泛的锁定操作。 |
ReadWriteLock | 维护了一对相关的锁定,一个用于只读操作,另一个用于写入操作。 |
示例代码
- package com.ajita;
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
- public class TestLock {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- // 创建并发访问的账户
- MyCount myCount = new MyCount("95599200901215522", 10000);
- // 创建一个锁对象
- ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(false);
- // 创建一个线程池
- ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
- // 创建一些并发访问用户,一个信用卡,存的存,取的取,好热闹啊
- User u1 = new User("张三", myCount, -4000, lock, false);
- User u2 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 6000, lock, false);
- User u3 = new User("张三他弟", myCount, -8000, lock, false);
- User u4 = new User("张三", myCount, 800, lock, false);
- User u5 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 0, lock, true);
- // 在线程池中执行各个用户的操作
- pool.execute(u1);
- pool.execute(u2);
- pool.execute(u3);
- pool.execute(u4);
- pool.execute(u5);
- // 关闭线程池
- pool.shutdown();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 信用卡的用户
- */
- class User implements Runnable {
- private String name; // 用户名
- private MyCount myCount; // 所要操作的账户
- private int iocash; // 操作的金额,当然有正负之分了
- private ReadWriteLock myLock; // 执行操作所需的锁对象
- private boolean ischeck; // 是否查询
- User(String name, MyCount myCount, int iocash, ReadWriteLock myLock,
- boolean ischeck) {
- this.name = name;
- this.myCount = myCount;
- this.iocash = iocash;
- this.myLock = myLock;
- this.ischeck = ischeck;
- }
- public void run() {
- if (ischeck) {
- // 获取读锁
- myLock.readLock().lock();
- System.out.println("读:" + name + "正在查询" + myCount + "账户,当前金额为"
- + myCount.getCash());
- // 释放读锁
- myLock.readLock().unlock();
- } else {
- // 获取写锁
- myLock.writeLock().lock();
- // 执行现金业务
- System.out.println("写:" + name + "正在操作" + myCount + "账户,金额为"
- + iocash + ",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
- myCount.setCash(myCount.getCash() + iocash);
- System.out.println("写:" + name + "操作" + myCount + "账户成功,金额为"
- + iocash + ",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
- // 释放写锁
- myLock.writeLock().unlock();
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 信用卡账户,可随意透支
- */
- class MyCount {
- private String oid; // 账号
- private int cash; // 账户余额
- MyCount(String oid, int cash) {
- this.oid = oid;
- this.cash = cash;
- }
- public String getOid() {
- return oid;
- }
- public void setOid(String oid) {
- this.oid = oid;
- }
- public int getCash() {
- return cash;
- }
- public void setCash(int cash) {
- this.cash = cash;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "MyCount{" + "oid='" + oid + '\'' + ", cash=" + cash + '}';
- }
- }