Oracle监听口令及监听器安全

Oracle的监听器一直存在着一个安全隐患，假如不设置安全措施，那么能够访问的用户就可以远程关闭监听器。

        相关示例：

D:/>lsnrctl stop eygle         LSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:02:40         Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.

        正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521))

        (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=eygle)))

        命令执行成功

        大家可以发现，此时缺省的监听器的日志还无法记录操作地址：

No longer listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         28-NOV-2007 09:59:20 * (CONNECT_DATA=(CID=(PROGRAM=)(HOST=)(USER=Administrator))(COMMAND=stop)         (ARGUMENTS=64)(SERVICE=eygle)(VERSION=169870080)) * stop * 0

        为了更好的保证监听器的安全，大家最好为监听设置密码：

[oracle@jumper log]$ lsnrctl         LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-NOV-2007 10:18:17         Copyright (c) 1991, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.         Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.         LSNRCTL> set current_listener listener         Current Listener is listener         LSNRCTL> change_password         Old password:         New password:         Reenter new password:         Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         Password changed for listener         The command completed successfully         LSNRCTL> set password         Password:         The command completed successfully         LSNRCTL> save_config         Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         Saved LISTENER configuration parameters.         Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora         Old Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.bak         The command completed successfully

 

在我们设置密码后，远程操作将会因缺失密码而出现失败：

D:/>lsnrctl stop eygle         LSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 28-11月-2007 10:22:57         Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.

        正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)

        (PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=eygle)))

        TNS-01169: 监听程序尚未识别口令

        注意：此时在服务器端或客户端，都需要我们通过密码来起停监听器：

LSNRCTL> set password         Password:         The command completed successfully         LSNRCTL> stop         Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         The command completed successfully         LSNRCTL> start         Starting /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...         TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production         System parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora         Log messages written to /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/log/listener.log         Trace information written to /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/trace/listener.trc         Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         STATUS of the LISTENER         ------------------------         Alias LISTENER         Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production         Start Date 28-NOV-2007 10:22:23         Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec         Trace Level support         Security ON         SNMP OFF         Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora         Listener Log File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/log/listener.log         Listener Trace File /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/trace/listener.trc         Listening Endpoints Summary...         (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.33.11)(PORT=1521)))         Services Summary...         Service "eygle" has 1 instance(s).         Instance "eygle", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...         Service "julia" has 1 instance(s).         Instance "eygle", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...         The command completed successfully

        另外，ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS参数也是一个重要的安全选项，大家可以在 listener.ora 文件中设置 ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_ 为 ON，此后所有在运行时对监听器的修改都将会被阻止，所有对监听器的修改都必须通过手工修改listener.ora文件才能顺利完成。