实验E14:输入输出流

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<sstream>
#include<strstream>
using namespace std;

void String_stream_test()
{

    cout << "以下为字符串输入输出流和基本数据类型的转化" << endl;
    char str[] = " 12 3 45 6789 -1";
    int data[5];
    istrstream data_in(str);
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        data_in >> data[i];
        data_in.clear();
    }
    cout << "接下来我们输出data数组" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        cout << data[i] << endl;
    }
    cout << "与预期结果相符" << endl;

    stringstream ss("123test q c");//用istrstream的派生类stringstream同样可以进行输入
    int a;
    ss >> a;
    cout << a << endl;//输出123
    cout << "输出123，与预期结果相同" << endl;
    ss.clear();

    string b;
    ss >> b;
    cout << b << endl;//输出test
    cout << "输出test，与预期结果相同" << endl;
    ss.clear();

    char c;
    ss >> c;
    cout << c << endl;
    cout << "输出q，与预期结果相同" << endl;
    ss.clear();//频繁的输入输出要记得调用clear清除错误信息



    cout << "以下进行将长字符串以空格为分割符，依次输出的测试" << endl;
    ss.str("the test is in the corner");
    string receive_ss;

    while (ss >> receive_ss)
    {
        cout << receive_ss << endl;//依次以空格符为标识符，进行输出
    }

    //测试调用字符串流的函数
    cout << "测试调用字符串流的函数" << endl;
    cout << ss.str() << endl;//返回一个string
    //测试输入流的插入
    cout << "测试输入流的插入" << endl;
    ss.clear();
    ss.str("");
    ss << "hello";
    cout << "调用str函数得到"<<ss.str() << endl;
    ss << "world";
    cout << "调用str函数得到"<<ss.str() << endl;
    cout << "可以看出，往字符串流里插入，是一种类似append的操作，而不是一种覆盖" << endl;

    //stringstream还可以与fstream结合，从文件中读取数据
    cout << "测试stringstream与fstream的融合" << endl;
    ifstream in("C:\\Users\\4399\\stringstream.txt");

    ss.clear();
    ss.str("");

    //将 in所关联的文件中的内容输入到ss中

    ss << in.rdbuf();

    cout << ss.str()<<endl;
    //跟预期结果相同
}

void Binary_file_read_write_test()
{
    cout << "进行二进制的读写测试" << endl;
    int arr[50];
    for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
    {
        arr[i] = i;
    }

    ofstream ofs("C:\\Users\\4399\\scy.txt", ios::binary);
    ofs.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(arr), sizeof(arr));
    ofs.close();//打开之后要关闭

    ifstream ifs("C:\\Users\\4399\\scy.txt", ios::binary);

    int file_arr[50];
    ifs.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(file_arr), sizeof(file_arr));
    ifs.close();
    bool jud = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
    {
        if (file_arr[i] != arr[i])//判断以下是不是读写成功了
        {
            jud = 0;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (jud)
    {
        cout << "读写成功" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "读写失败" << endl;
    }

}


void File_write_test_test()
{
    //二进制的读写
    int vec1[] = { 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
    ofstream os("C:\\Users\\4399\\test.txt", ios_base::binary);
    if (os.fail())
    {
        cout << "open failure" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(vec1), sizeof(vec1));
    os.close();

    int vec2[] = { 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
    ifstream is("C:\\Users\\4399\\test.txt", ios_base::binary);
    is.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(vec2), sizeof(vec2));
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        cout << vec2[i] << endl;
    }

    //文本的写
    ofstream os2("C:\\Users\\4399\\test2.txt");
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        os2 << vec2[i] << endl;
    }
    os2.close();

    //文本的读取
    cout << "reading txt" << endl;
    ifstream is2("C:\\Users\\4399\\test2.txt");
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        is2 >> vec2[i];
        cout << vec2[i] << endl;
    }
    is2.close();

    //测试append
    cout << "接下来进行append的测试,结尾处我们插入了'append successfully' " << endl;
    ofstream os3("\\Users\\4399\\test2.txt", ios::app);

    os3 << "append successfully";
    os3.close();

    ifstream is3("\\Users\\4399\\test2.txt");
    cout << is3.rdbuf()<<endl;
    is3.close();


}

void setw_test()
{
    cout << "setw测试" << endl;
    cout << "a" << setw(8) << "b" << "a" << endl;
    cout << "可以看出setw只对后面紧跟的输出起作用" << endl;
    cout << "以下再次验证" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        cout << "a" << setw(8) << "b" << setw(8);
    }
    cout << "\n\n\n";
}

void setfill_test()
{
    cout << "setfill测试" << endl;
    cout << setfill('*') << setw(5) << "a" << endl;
    cout << "在控制台没有第二次手动输入setfill时候，再来调用setw函数" << endl;
    cout << setw(5) << "a" << endl;
    cout << "可以看出setfill函数具有后效性" << endl;
    cout << "\n\n\n";
}

void setprecision_test()
{
    cout << "setprecision测试" << endl;
    double s = 12.3456;
    cout << s << endl;
    cout << "可以看出这个时候输出的值还是12.3456" << endl;
    cout << "接下来我们调用一下setprecision(2),输出了" << setprecision(2) << s << endl;
    cout << "在调用了setprecision(2)之后，这个时候输出的是12" << endl;
    cout << "我们在不调用setprecision函数的情况下再输出一下s" << endl;
    cout << s << endl;
    cout << "依然输出了12，可以看出setprecision函数具有后效性质" << endl;
    cout << "接下来我们调用一下setprecision(4),输出了" << setprecision(4) << s << endl;
    cout << "在调用了setprecision(4)之后，输出了12.35，符合我们的预期" << endl;
    cout << "接下来我们调用一下setprecision(1),输出了" << setprecision(1) << s << endl;
    cout << "可以看出，当小数点的位数多于要保留的位数时候，会采用科学计数法" << endl;
}


int main()
{
    String_stream_test();
    Binary_file_read_write_test();
    File_write_test_test();
    setw_test();
    setfill_test();
    setprecision_test();

    return 0;

}