C++ - 两数交换, 不引入第三个变量

两数交换, 不引入第三个变量

 

本文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/caroline_wendy/article/details/15506627 

 

两种方法, 推荐第一种方法;

第一种方法(加减):

a = a+b; b = a-b; a = a-b;

第二中方法(异或):

a = a^b; b=a^b; a=a^b;

即 a ^= b ^= a ^= b;

 

不推荐使用异或方法,CFAQs里面有说明;

异或方法是未定义的(undefined)和不可移植的(not portably), 对于某些编译器会出现问题.

具体参见: http://c-faq.com/expr/xorswapexpr.html

 

代码:

/*
 * test.cpp
 *
 *  Created on: 2013.11.12
 *      Author: Caroline
 */

#include <iostream>

int main (void) {

	int a = 2, b = 10;
	std::cout << "original: ";
	std::cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b << std::endl;

	//加减方法
	a += b;
	b = a-b;
	a -= b;
	std::cout << "plus&minus: ";
	std::cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b << std::endl;

	//异或方法
	a ^= b ^= a ^= b;
	std::cout << "xor: ";
	std::cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b << std::endl;

	return 0;
}