启动: onCreate -> onStart -> onResume
关闭: onPause -> onStop -> onDestroy
转入后台: onPause -> onStop
后台转出: onRestart -> onStart -> onResume
转入新Activity: onPause -> onCreate -> onStart -> onResume -> onStop
新Activity转回: onPause -> onRestart -> onStart -> onResume -> onStop -> onDestroy
onResume/onPause:获取/失去焦点;