C++编程中时间使用总结

各种时间类/数据结构

与时间相关的类和数据结构有: 

1. CTime

2. CTimeSpan

3. __time64_t和time_t

4. struct tm

5. SYSTEMTIME

6. FILETIME

7. DBTIMESTAMP

一. CTime

// 微软文档

http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/78zb0ese.aspx

1.1 定义

class CTime
{
public:
	static CTime WINAPI GetCurrentTime() throw();
	static BOOL WINAPI IsValidFILETIME(_In_ const FILETIME& ft) throw();

	CTime() throw();
	CTime(_In_ __time64_t time) throw();
	CTime(_In_ int nYear, _In_ int nMonth, _In_ int nDay, _In_ int nHour, _In_ int nMin, _In_ int nSec, _In_ int nDST = -1);
	CTime(_In_ WORD wDosDate, _In_ WORD wDosTime, _In_ int nDST = -1); 
	CTime(_In_ const SYSTEMTIME& st, _In_ int nDST = -1);
	CTime(_In_ const FILETIME& ft, _In_ int nDST = -1);
	CTime(_In_ const DBTIMESTAMP& dbts, _In_ int nDST = -1) throw();

	CTime& operator=(_In_ __time64_t time) throw();

	CTime& operator+=(_In_ CTimeSpan span) throw();
	CTime& operator-=(_In_ CTimeSpan span) throw();

	CTimeSpan operator-(_In_ CTime time) const throw();
	CTime operator-(_In_ CTimeSpan span) const throw();
	CTime operator+(_In_ CTimeSpan span) const throw();

	bool operator==(_In_ CTime time) const throw();
	bool operator!=(_In_ CTime time) const throw();
	bool operator<(_In_ CTime time) const throw();
	bool operator>(_In_ CTime time) const throw();
	bool operator<=(_In_ CTime time) const throw();
	bool operator>=(_In_ CTime time) const throw();

	struct tm* GetGmtTm(_Out_ struct tm* ptm) const;
	struct tm* GetLocalTm(_Out_ struct tm* ptm) const;

	bool GetAsSystemTime(_Out_ SYSTEMTIME& st) const throw();
	bool GetAsDBTIMESTAMP(_Out_ DBTIMESTAMP& dbts) const throw();

	__time64_t GetTime() const throw();

	int GetYear() const throw();
	int GetMonth() const throw();
	int GetDay() const throw();
	int GetHour() const throw();
	int GetMinute() const throw();
	int GetSecond() const throw();
	int GetDayOfWeek() const throw();

	// formatting using "C" strftime
	CString Format(_In_z_ LPCTSTR pszFormat) const;
	CString FormatGmt(_In_z_ LPCTSTR pszFormat) const;
	CString Format(_In_ UINT nFormatID) const;
	CString FormatGmt(_In_ UINT nFormatID) const;

#if defined(_AFX) && defined(_UNICODE)
	// for compatibility with MFC 3.x
	CString Format(_In_z_ LPCSTR pFormat) const;
	CString FormatGmt(_In_z_ LPCSTR pFormat) const;
#endif

#ifdef _AFX
	CArchive& Serialize64(_In_ CArchive& ar);
#endif

private:
	__time64_t m_time;
};

 

1.2 使用

1.2.1 构造

// 1993年3月19日22:15:00 (年月日, 时分秒)

CTime t(1999, 3, 19, 22, 15, 0);

nYear  1970–3000

nMonth 1–12

nDay 1–31

nHour 0-23

nMin 0-59

nSec 0-59

 

1.2.2 格式化成字符串

CTime t(1999, 3, 19, 22, 15, 0); 

// "Friday, March 19, 1999"

CString s = t.Format(_T("%A, %B %d, %Y"));

 

CTime::Format的参数

%a    缩写的星期名称

%A    完整星期名称

%b    缩写的月份名称

%B    完整的月份名称。

%c    日期和时间表示恰当的区域设置

%d    日期为十进制数字 (01 - 31) 的月份

%H    以 24 小时格式 (00 - 23) 的点

%I    以