RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【3】 - Publish/Subscribe

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-24 16:56:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-24 16:56:33 发布

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RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【3】 - Publish/Subscribe

我的开发环境：
操作系统： Windows7 64bit
开发环境： JDK 1.7 - 1.7.0_55
开发工具： Eclipse Kepler SR2
RabbitMQ版本： 3.6.0
Elang版本： erl7.2.1
关于Windows7下安装RabbitMQ的教程请先在网上找一下，有空我再补安装教程。
源码地址
https://github.com/chwshuang/rabbitmq.git

 在上一章中，我们学习创建了一个消息队列，她的每个任务消息只发送给一个工人。这一章，我们会将同一个任务消息发送给多个工人。这种模式就是“发布/订阅”。

为了说明这种模式，我们将以一个日志系统进行讲解：一个日志发送者，两个日志接收者，接收者1可以把这条日志写入到磁盘上，另外一个接收者2可以将这条日志打印到控制台中。

“发布/订阅”模式的基础是将消息广播到所有的接收器上。

交换器

在之前的教程中，我们都是直接在消息队列中进行发送和接收消息，现在开始要介绍RabbitMQ完整的消息模型了。
首先，我们先来回顾一下之前学到关于RabbitMQ的内容：

生产者是发送消息的应用程序
队列是存储消息的缓冲区
消费者是接收消息的应用程序

实际上，RabbitMQ中消息传递模型的核心思想是：生产者不直接发送消息到队列。实际的运行环境中，生产者是不知道消息会发送到那个队列上，她只会将消息发送到一个交换器，交换器也像一个生产线，她一边接收生产者发来的消息，另外一边则根据交换规则，将消息放到队列中。交换器必须知道她所接收的消息是什么？它应该被放到那个队列中？它应该被添加到多个队列吗？还是应该丢弃？这些规则都是按照交换器的规则来确定的。
这里写图片描述

交换器的规则有：

direct （直连）
topic （主题）
headers （标题）
fanout （分发）也有翻译为扇出的。

我们将使用【fanout】类型创建一个名称为 logs的交换器，

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">channel<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.exchangeDeclare</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"logs"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fanout"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

分发交换器很简单，你通过名称也能想到，她是广播所有的消息，

交换器列表
通过rabbitmqctl list_exchanges指令列出服务器上所有可用的交换器

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">$ sudo rabbitmqctl list_exchanges
Listing exchanges ...
        direct
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.direct</span>      direct
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.fanout</span>      fanout
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.headers</span>     headers
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.match</span>       headers
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.rabbitmq</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.log</span>        topic
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.rabbitmq</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.trace</span>      topic
amq<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.topic</span>       topic
logs    fanout
..<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.done</span>.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li></ul>

这个列表里面所有以【amq.*】开头的交换器都是RabbitMQ默认创建的。在生产环境中，可以自己定义。

匿名交换器
在之前的教程中，我们知道，发送消息到队列时根本没有使用交换器，但是消息也能发送到队列。这是因为RabbitMQ选择了一个空“”字符串的默认交换器。
来看看我们之前的代码：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">channel<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.basicPublish</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"hello"</span>, null, message<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getBytes</span>())<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

第一个参数就是交换器的名称。如果输入“”空字符串，表示使用默认的匿名交换器。
第二个参数是【routingKey】路由线索
匿名交换器规则：
发送到routingKey名称对应的队列。

现在，我们可以发送消息到交换器中：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">channel<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.basicPublish</span>( <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"logs"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>, null, message<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getBytes</span>())<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

临时队列

记得前两章中使用的队列指定的名称吗？（Hello World和task_queue）.
如果要在生产者和消费者之间创建一个新的队列，又不想使用原来的队列，临时队列就是为这个场景而生的：

首先，每当我们连接到RabbitMQ，我们需要一个新的空队列，我们可以用一个随机名称来创建，或者说让服务器选择一个随机队列名称给我们。
一旦我们断开消费者，队列应该立即被删除。

在Java客户端，提供queuedeclare()为我们创建一个非持久化、独立、自动删除的队列名称。

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">String queueName = channel<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.queueDeclare</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getQueue</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

通过上面的代码就能获取到一个随机队列名称。
例如：它可能是：amq.gen-jzty20brgko-hjmujj0wlg。

绑定

这里写图片描述
如果我们已经创建了一个分发交换器和队列，现在我们就可以就将我们的队列跟交换器进行绑定。

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">channel<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.queueBind</span>(queueName, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"logs"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

执行完这段代码后，日志交换器会将消息添加到我们的队列中。

绑定列表
如果要查看绑定列表，可以执行【rabbitmqctl list_bindings】命令

全部代码

这里写图片描述

生产者程序，他负责发送日志消息，与之前不同的是它不是将消息发送到匿名交换器中，而是发送到一个名为【logs】的交换器中。我们提供一个空字符串的routingkey，它的功能被交换器的分发类型代替了。下面是EmitLog.java的代码：

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">EmitLog</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String EXCHANGE_NAME = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"logs"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] argv) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> Exception {

        ConnectionFactory factory = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"localhost"</span>);
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fanout"</span>);

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//      分发消息</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> ; i < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>; i++){
            String message = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Hello World! "</span> + i;
             channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, message.getBytes());
             System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" [x] Sent '"</span> + message + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"'"</span>);
        }
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul>

上面的代码中，在建立连接后，我们声明了一个交互。如果当前没有队列被绑定到交换器，消息将被丢弃，因为没有消费者监听，这条消息将被丢弃。

下面的代码是接收日志ReceiveLogs1.java 和ReceiveLogs2.java:

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.rabbitmq.client.*;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ReceiveLogs1</span> {</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String EXCHANGE_NAME = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"logs"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] argv) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"localhost"</span>);
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fanout"</span>);
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>);

        System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C"</span>);

        Consumer consumer = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleDelivery</span>(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">byte</span>[] body) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException {
                String message = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> String(body, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>);
                System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" [x] Received '"</span> + message + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"'"</span>);
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>, consumer);
    }
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li></ul>

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.rabbitmq.client.*;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">ReceiveLogs1</span> {</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String EXCHANGE_NAME = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"logs"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] argv) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"localhost"</span>);
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fanout"</span>);
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span>);

        System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C"</span>);

        Consumer consumer = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleDelivery</span>(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">byte</span>[] body) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> IOException {
                String message = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> String(body, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>);
                System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" [x] Received '"</span> + message + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"'"</span>);
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>, consumer);
    }
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li></ul>

运行

先运行ReceiveLogs1和ReceiveLogs2可以看到日志：

<code class="hljs vbnet has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> [*] Waiting <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> messages. <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">To</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">exit</span> press CTRL+C</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

然后运行EmitLog：

<code class="hljs vbnet has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">EmitLog日志：
 [x] Sent <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 0'</span>
 [x] Sent <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 1'</span>
 [x] Sent <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 2'</span>
 [x] Sent <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 3'</span>
 [x] Sent <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 4'</span>

ReceiveLogs1和ReceiveLogs2日志
 [*] Waiting <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> messages. <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">To</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">exit</span> press CTRL+C
 [x] Received <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 0'</span>
 [x] Received <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 1'</span>
 [x] Received <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 2'</span>
 [x] Received <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 3'</span>
 [x] Received <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'Hello World! 4'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>

看到这里，说明我们的程序运行正常，消费者通过声明【logs】交换器和【fanout】类型，接收到了来自【logs】交换器的所有消息。

使用【rabbitmqctl list_bindings】命令可以看到两个临时队列的名称

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">$ sudo rabbitmqctl list_bindings
Listing bindings <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
logs    exchange        amq.gen-JzTY20BRgKO-HjmUJj0wLg  queue           []
logs    exchange        amq.gen-vso0PVvyiRIL2WoV3i48Yg  queue           []
...done.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

以上就是这一章讲的发布/订阅模式，下一章将介绍消息路由（Routing）

本教程所有文章：
RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【1】 - Hello World - 你好世界！
RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【2】 - Work Queues - 工作队列
 RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【3】 - Publish/Subscribe - 发布/订阅
 RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【4】 - Routing - 消息路由
 RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【5】 - Topic - 模糊匹配
 RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【6】 - Remote procedure call (RPC) - 远程调用

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RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【3】 - Publish/Subscribe

RabbitMQ入门教程 For Java【3】 - Publish/Subscribe我的开发环境：操作系统： Windows7 64bit 开发环境： JDK 1.7 - 1.7.0_55 开发工具： Eclipse Kepler SR2 RabbitMQ版本： 3.6.0 Elang版本： erl7.2.1 关于Windows7下安装RabbitMQ的教
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