1. One Net注册新用户
首先,进入中国移动OneNet平台官方网站(https://open.iot.10086.cn),点击右上角的“注册”,注册一个账号。账号注册完成后点击登录,进入右上角的“控制台”。
2. 添加新设备
2.1 进入控制台后,在全部产品服务中选择MQTT物联网套件。
2.1参数如下
2.2设备添加成功后,查看设备列表
3. ESP32把采集到的数据,通过wifi连接手机热点,上传到OneNet云平台,采用的Mqtt协议,首先导入MQTTClient依赖包,创建client客户端对象连接OneNet服务器,上传数据就是client的客户端向服务器的发布主题$sys/{pid}/{device-name}/dp/post/json发布信息。
3.1. 打开单片机编程软件mu,新建二个文件,分别为:simple.py、main.py。
simple.py
#simple.py 的文件
import usocket as socket
import ustruct as struct
from ubinascii import hexlify
class MQTTException(Exception):
pass
class MQTTClient:
def __init__(self, client_id, server, port=0, user=None, password=None, keepalive=0,
ssl=False, ssl_params={}):
if port == 0:
port = 8883 if ssl else 1883
self.client_id = client_id
self.sock = None
self.server = server
self.port = port
self.ssl = ssl
self.ssl_params = ssl_params
self.pid = 0
self.cb = None
self.user = user
self.pswd = password
self.keepalive = keepalive
self.lw_topic = None
self.lw_msg = None
self.lw_qos = 0
self.lw_retain = False
def _send_str(self, s):
self.sock.write(struct.pack("!H", len(s)))
self.sock.write(s)
def _recv_len(self):
n = 0
sh = 0
while 1:
b = self.sock.read(1)[0]
n |= (b & 0x7f) << sh
if not b & 0x80:
return n
sh += 7
def set_callback(self, f):
self.cb = f
def set_last_will(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
assert 0 <= qos <= 2
assert topic
self.lw_topic = topic
self.lw_msg = msg
self.lw_qos = qos
self.lw_retain = retain
def connect(self, clean_session=True):
self.sock = socket.socket()
addr = socket.getaddrinfo(self.server, self.port)[0][-1]
self.sock.connect(addr)
if self.ssl:
import ussl
self.sock = ussl.wrap_socket(self.sock, **self.ssl_params)
premsg = bytearray(b"\x10\0\0\0\0\0")
msg = bytearray(b"\x04MQTT\x04\x02\0\0")
sz = 10 + 2 + len(self.client_id)
msg[6] = clean_session << 1
if self.user is not None:
sz += 2 + len(self.user) + 2 + len(self.pswd)
msg[6] |= 0xC0
if self.keepalive:
assert self.keepalive < 65536
msg[7] |= self.keepalive >> 8
msg[8] |= self.keepalive & 0x00FF
if self.lw_topic:
sz += 2 + len(self.lw_topic) + 2 + len(self.lw_msg)
msg[6] |= 0x4 | (self.lw_qos & 0x1) << 3 | (self.lw_qos & 0x2) << 3
msg[6] |= self.lw_retain << 5
i = 1
while sz > 0x7f:
premsg[i] = (sz & 0x7f) | 0x80
sz >>= 7
i += 1
premsg[i] = sz
self.sock.write(premsg, i + 2)
self.sock.write(msg)
#print(hex(len(msg)), hexlify(msg, ":"))
self._send_str(self.client_id)
if self.lw_topic:
self._send_str(self.lw_topic)
self._send_str(self.lw_msg)
if self.user is not None:
self._send_str(self.user)
self._send_str(self.pswd)
resp = self.sock.read(4)
assert resp[0] == 0x20 and resp[1] == 0x02
if resp[3] != 0:
raise MQTTException(resp[3])
return resp[2] & 1
def disconnect(self):
self.sock.write(b"\xe0\0")
self.sock.close()
def ping(self):
self.sock.write(b"\xc0\0")
def publish(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
pkt = bytearray(b"\x30\0\0\0")
pkt[0] |= qos << 1 | retain
sz = 2 + len(topic) + len(msg)
if qos > 0:
sz += 2
assert sz < 2097152
i = 1
while sz > 0x7f:
pkt[i] = (sz & 0x7f) | 0x80
sz >>= 7
i += 1
pkt[i] = sz
#print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
self.sock.write(pkt, i + 1)
self._send_str(topic)
if qos > 0:
self.pid += 1
pid = self.pid
struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 0, pid)
self.sock.write(pkt, 2)
self.sock.write(msg)
if qos == 1:
while 1:
op = self.wait_msg()
if op == 0x40:
sz = self.sock.read(1)
assert sz == b"\x02"
rcv_pid = self.sock.read(2)
rcv_pid = rcv_pid[0] << 8 | rcv_pid[1]
if pid == rcv_pid:
return
elif qos == 2:
assert 0
def subscribe(self, topic, qos=0):
assert self.cb is not None, "Subscribe callback is not set"
pkt = bytearray(b"\x82\0\0\0")
self.pid += 1
struct.pack_into("!BH", pkt, 1, 2 + 2 + len(topic) + 1, self.pid)
#print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
self.sock.write(pkt)
self._send_str(topic)
self.sock.write(qos.to_bytes(1, "little"))
while 1:
op = self.wait_msg()
if op == 0x90:
resp = self.sock.read(4)
#print(resp)
assert resp[1] == pkt[2] and resp[2] == pkt[3]
if resp[3] == 0x80:
raise MQTTException(resp[3])
return
# Wait for a single incoming MQTT message and process it.
# Subscribed messages are delivered to a callback previously
# set by .set_callback() method. Other (internal) MQTT
# messages processed internally.
def wait_msg(self):
res = self.sock.read(1)
self.sock.setblocking(True)
if res is None:
return None
if res == b"":
raise OSError(-1)
if res == b"\xd0": # PINGRESP
sz = self.sock.read(1)[0]
assert sz == 0
return None
op = res[0]
if op & 0xf0 != 0x30:
return op
sz = self._recv_len()
topic_len = self.sock.read(2)
topic_len = (topic_len[0] << 8) | topic_len[1]
topic = self.sock.read(topic_len)
sz -= topic_len + 2
if op & 6:
pid = self.sock.read(2)
pid = pid[0] << 8 | pid[1]
sz -= 2
msg = self.sock.read(sz)
self.cb(topic, msg)
if op & 6 == 2:
pkt = bytearray(b"\x40\x02\0\0")
struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 2, pid)
self.sock.write(pkt)
elif op & 6 == 4:
assert 0
# Checks whether a pending message from server is available.
# If not, returns immediately with None. Otherwise, does
# the same processing as wait_msg.
def check_msg(self):
self.sock.setblocking(False)
return self.wait_msg()
main.py
'''
实验名称:采集数据到onenet云平台
版本:v1.0
日期:2022.10.24
作者:没睡醒的番茄
说明:esp32开发板通过路由器上网,将数据周期性采集上传到onenet云端
'''
from simple import MQTTClient
from machine import I2C, Timer, Pin
import network, time
#初始化相关模块
WIFI_LED=Pin(2,Pin.OUT)
#WIFI连接函数
def WIFI_Connect():
WIFI_LED = Pin(2, Pin.OUT) # 初始化WIFI指示灯
#STA模式
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.active(True) #激活接口
start_time=time.time() #记录时间做超时判断
if not wlan.isconnected():
print("connecting to network...")
wlan.connect("Yangs","1234567890") # 输入WIFI账号密码
while not wlan.isconnected():
#LED闪烁提示
WIFI_LED.value(1)
time.sleep_ms(300)
WIFI_LED.value(0)
time.sleep_ms(300)
#超时判断,15秒没连接成功判定为超时
if time.time()-start_time > 15 :
print('WIFI Connected Timeout!')
break
if wlan.isconnected():
#LED点亮,指示
WIFI_LED.value(1)
print("network information:", wlan.ifconfig())
return True
else:
return False
#执行发送任务
def MQTT_Send(tim):
print("《里面填入你的数据》") #串口打印数据
mymessage='{"id": 123,"dp": {"《填入你的数据名称》": [{ "v": %d,}],"《填入你的数据名称》": [{"v": %d,}]}}'%("《里面填入你的数据》","《里面填入你的数据》")
'''
列如
传入一个温度 和湿度的数据
print("tem:"+str(d.temperature())+' C '+"hum:"+str(d.humidity())+' %') #串口打印温湿度
mymessage='{"id": 123,"dp": {"Temperature": [{ "v": %d,}],"Humidity": [{"v": %d,}]}}'%(d.temperature(),d.humidity())
'''
client.publish(topic=publish_TOPIC,msg= mymessage, retain=False, qos=0)
#执行WIFI连接函数
if WIFI_Connect():
# TOPIC名称
#里面的要改成自己的
publish_TOPIC= '$sys/xxxxxx/xxxxx_xx/dp/post/json'
#客户端ID:设备名称
#里面的要改成自己的
CLIENT_ID = "xxxxx_xx"
#用户名:产品ID
#里面的要改成自己的
user_name = "xxxxxx"
#用户密码:用token工具计算的,大家也可以直接用程序实现
#里面的要改成自己的
user_password = 'version=2018-10-31&res=products%2F543721%2Fdevices%2Fesp32_1&et=1684280992&method=md5&sign=p5MLOtbEweXkfWy05BGtPg%3D%3D'
#onenet IP和端口 不用改
SERVER = "183.230.40.96" #非加密方式
PORT = 1883
#连接到onenet平台
client = MQTTClient(CLIENT_ID, SERVER, 0, user_name, user_password,60)
client.connect()
#开启RTOS定时器,编号为-1,周期2000ms,执行MQTT发布任务
tim = Timer(-1)
tim.init(period=2000, mode=Timer.PERIODIC,callback=MQTT_Send)
4.如何修改上面的代码
4.1
xxxxxx表示为:
xxxxx_xx表示为:
user_password 的 tocken计算:
注意时间戳要大于当前时间 当前Unix时间参考链接:https://time.is/Unix
key为:
如: