多线程按序执行

多线程按序执行

笔试遇到的题目，涉及到多线程，题目大意是有三个线程，分别名为ABC，要求这三线程按序执行十遍打印，打印结果如：ABCABCABC…ABC。

我的思路是将ABC看作一个操作，然后执行10遍。

一开始想的很简单，直接使用循环，然后ExecutorService.exture顺序执行。

    public static void print4ID(){
        Object obj = new Object();
        for(int i=0; i<10; i++){

            synchronized(obj){
                ExecutorService e = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
                e.execute(getThread("A"));
                e.execute(getThread("B"));
                e.execute(getThread("C"));
                e.shutdown();
            }

        }
    }

    public static Thread getThread(String uid){

        return new Thread(uid){
            public void run(){
                System.out.print(this.getName());
            }
        };

    }

这样的结果是乱序的

ABCABCABCABCABCABCABCBCABCABCA

查了资料后，发现较好的方法是使用synchronized和ArrayList，或者是使用Thread.join()管理三个线程，打印ABC，然后在使用ScheduledExecutorService.scheduleAtFixedRate执行10遍。

1.Thread.join()

    //使用Thread.join()，顺序打印ABC
    public void print1() throws InterruptedException {  
        Thread t1 = new Thread(
                () ->  System.out.print(Thread.currentThread().getName())  
        ,"A"); 
        Thread t2 = new Thread(
                () ->  System.out.print(Thread.currentThread().getName())  
        ,"B");
        Thread t3 = new Thread(
                () ->  System.out.print(Thread.currentThread().getName())  
        ,"C");

        t1.start(); 
        t1.join();
        t2.start();
        t2.join();
        t3.start(); 

    } 

    public void print4ID3(){
        AtomicInteger i = new AtomicInteger(1);

        ScheduledExecutorService e = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(10);
        e.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable(){

            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    print();
                    if(i.getAndIncrement() == 10)
                        e.shutdown();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }, 1, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        System.out.println();
    }

2.synchronized和ArrayList

    //ArrayList顺序保存线程ABC，然后synchronized控制线程打印
    public void print4ID4(){

        ArrayList<Runnable> rs = new ArrayList<Runnable>(3);
        rs.add(getThread("A"));
        rs.add(getThread("B"));
        rs.add(getThread("C"));

        AtomicInteger i = new AtomicInteger(1);

        ScheduledExecutorService e = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(10);
        e.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable(){

            @Override
            public void run() {
                runThread(rs);
                if(i.getAndIncrement() == 10)
                    e.shutdown();
            }

        }, 1, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

    }

    public void runThread(ArrayList<Runnable> rs){
        for(Runnable r:rs){
            synchronized(this){
                r.run();
            }
        }
    }