# 变量、输入输出、表达式和顺序语句
一、头文件
#include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cmath>
二、
1.int %d
2.float %f
3.double %lf
4.char %c
5.long long %ld
三、 加减乘(*)除 "%"取余 "/"取整
//![image-20211110200801533](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110200801533.png)
![image-20211110200843178](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110200843178.png)
结果数取决于%前面的数的符号
例:![image-20211110202738337](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110202738337.png)
![image-20211110202757373](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110202757373.png)
四、整数变量的自加自减
1.a++ 先将a赋值再本身+1;
例:![image-20211110204106045](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110204106045.png)
2.++a 先自身+1再赋值;
例:![image-20211110204155191](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110204155191.png)
3.a--
4.--a
5.b+=a === b=b+a ; b-=a = == b=b-a
b*=a === b=b*a ; b/=a ==== b=b/a ; b%=a === b=b%a
五、类型的强制转换
![image-20211110205655603](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110205655603.png)
![image-20211110205826066](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110205826066.png)
![image-20211110210037533](C:\Users\a\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211110210037533.png)
六、
读取一个带有两个小数位的浮点数,这代表货币价值。
在此之后,将该值分解为多种钞票与硬币的和,每种面值的钞票和硬币使用数量不限,要求使用的钞票和硬币的数量尽可能少。
钞票的面值是 100,50,20,10,5,2100,50,20,10,5,2。
硬币的面值是 1,0.50,0.25,0.10,0.051,0.50,0.25,0.10,0.05 和 0.010.01。
#### 输入格式
输入一个浮点数 NN。
#### 输出格式
参照输出样例,输出每种面值的钞票和硬币的需求数量。
#### 数据范围
0≤N≤1000000.00
#include <cstdio>
int main()
{
double m;
scanf("%lf",&m);
int n = m * 100;
printf("NOTAS:\n");
printf("%d nota(s) de R$ 100.00\n",n/10000);
n%=10000;
printf("%d nota(s) de R$ 50.00\n",n/5000);
n%=5000;
printf("%d nota(s) de R$ 20.00\n",n/2000);
n%=2000;
printf("%d nota(s) de R$ 10.00\n",n/1000);
n%=1000;
printf("%d nota(s) de R$ 5.00\n",n/500);
n%=500;
printf("%d nota(s) de R$ 2.00\n",n/200);
n%=200;
printf("MOEDAS:\n");
printf("%d moeda(s) de R$ 1.00\n",n/100);
n%=100;
printf("%d moeda(s) de R$ 0.50\n",n/50);
n%=50;
printf("%d moeda(s) de R$ 0.25\n",n/25);
n%=25;
printf("%d moeda(s) de R$ 0.10\n",n/10);
n%=10;
printf("%d moeda(s) de R$ 0.05\n",n/5);
n%=5;
printf("%d moeda(s) de R$ 0.01\n",n/1);
n%=1;
return 0;
}