dhcp服务和tftp服务
一.dhcp服务：
服务端：
1.配置服务器ip为静态：通过图形修改：nm-connection-editor
进入图形界面进行设定
2.配置yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d------ls------vim rhel_dvd.repo（配置yum源）------yum install dhcp -y（安装dhcp）------
yum clean all(清空yum缓存)
3.rpm -qc dhcp 查看dhcp的配置文件在哪里
4.vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 查看配置文件
注意：配置文件没有，从配置文件模板复制配置文件。
5.cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example(配置文件模板) /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf复制配置文件模板到/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf。
6.vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 修改配置文件
编辑内容如下：
6 # option definitions common to all supported networks...
7 option domain-name "westos.com"; **域名
8 option domain-name-servers 172.25.254.250; **dns地址
9
10 default-lease-time 600; **默认租约期限
11 max-lease-time 7200; **最长租约期限
12
13 # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
14 #ddns-update-style none;
15
16 # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
17 # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
18 #authoritative;
19
20 # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
21 # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
22 log-facility local7; **日志级别
23
24 # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
25 # DHCP server to understand the network topology.
26
27
28
29 # This is a very basic subnet declaration.
30
31 subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { **设定分配ip的网络位
32 range 172.25.254.200 172.25.254.220; **ip地址池
33 option routers 172.25.254.250; **客户主机获得的网关
修改域名和dns地址
删除27，28行的内容
设定分配ip的网络位，设定ip地址池，客户主机获得的网关，34行以后的内容都删除。
7.systemctl restart dhcpd **重启dhcp服务
二.客户端
1.编辑配置文件修改dhcp：vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
编辑内容如下：
DEVICE=eth0 网卡名称
BOOTPROTO=dhcp 动态网络
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet 类型Ethernet
USERCTL=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PERSISTENT_DHCTLENT=1
2.systemctl restart network **重启服务获得ip
3.ifconfig **查看ip
三.cat /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases **查看分配的ip客户端的mac（物理）地址
se 172.25.254.212 {
starts 4 2018/04/12 05:06:56;
ends 4 2018/04/12 05:16:56;
cltt 4 2018/04/12 05:06:56;
binding state active;
next binding state free;
rewind binding state free;
hardware ethernet 52:54:00:00:07:0b; 客户端mac（物理）地址
}
二.tftp服务
服务端：
1.yum install tftp -y(安装tftp服务)
2.yum whatprovides */pxelinux.0 **下载引导文件
3.yum install syslinux-4.05-12.el7.x86_64 tftp-server **安装syslinux
3.cd /var/lib/tftpboot/ **移动到目录下
4.mkdir pxelinux.cfg **新建目录
touch /pxelinux.cfg/fefault
4.scp root@172.25.254.7:/var/www/html/pub/rhel7.2/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/ftpboot/
pxelinux.cfg/default **复制文件isolinux.cfg到pxelinux.cfg/default里面。
5.scp root@172.25.254.7:/var/www/html/pub/rhel7.2/isolinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot/
**复制镜像中的文件
6.编辑配置文件：vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
编辑内容：
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = no **开启tftp服务
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
~
7.systemctl restart xinetd.service **重启服务（版本不同用以下方法）
rpm -ql tftp-server 查看tftp-server生成的文件
systemctl restart tftp 重启tftp
systemctl start tftp.socket 打开tftp服务
8.chkconfig --list **查看状态
xinetd based services:
chargen-dgram: off
chargen-stream: off
daytime-dgram: off
daytime-stream: off
discard-dgram: off
discard-stream: off
echo-dgram: off
echo-stream: off
tcpmux-server: off
tftp: on **tftp服务开启
time-dgram: off
time-stream: off
netstat -antlupe | grep 69 查看69接口是否打开
9.编辑配置文件：vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
内容为：
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 172.25.254.200 172.25.254.220;
option routers 172.25.254.250;
next-server 172.25.254.107;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
～
10.systemctl restart dhcpd **重启服务
11.systemctl stop firewalld **关闭防火墙
测试端：
1.virt-manager **开启显示虚拟机
2.点open------点灯泡------boot options------网卡------屏幕------开始
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