用Delphi创建服务程序

Windows 2000/XP和2003等支持一种叫做/"服务程序/"的东西.程序作为服务启动有以下几个好处:

(1)不用登陆进系统即可运行.
(2)具有SYSTEM特权.所以你在进程管理器里面是无法结束它的.

笔者在2003年为一公司开发机顶盒项目的时候,曾经写过课件上传和媒体服务,下面就介绍一下如何用Delphi7创建一个Service程序.
运行Delphi7,选择菜单File-->New-->Other--->Service Application.将生成一个服务程序的框架.将工程保存为ServiceDemo.dpr和Unit_Main.pas,然后回到主框架.我们注意到,Service有几个属性.其中以下几个是我们比较常用的:

(1)DisplayName:服务的显示名称
(2)Name:服务名称.

我们在这里将DisplayName的值改为/"Delphi服务演示程序/",Name改为/"DelphiService/".编译这个项目,将得到 ServiceDemo.exe.这已经是一个服务程序了!进入CMD模式,切换致工程所在目录,运行命令/"ServiceDemo.exe /install/",将提示服务安装成功!然后/"net start DelphiService/"将启动这个服务.进入控制面版-->管理工具-->服务,将显示这个服务和当前状态.不过这个服务现在什么也干不了,因为我们还没有写代码:)先/"net stop DelphiService/"停止再/"ServiceDemo.exe /uninstall/"删除这个服务.回到Delphi7的IDE.

我们的计划是为这个服务添加一个主窗口,运行后任务栏显示程序的图标,双击图标将显示主窗口,上面有一个按钮,点击该按钮将实现Ctrl+Alt+Del功能.

实际上,服务程序莫认是工作于Winlogon桌面的,可以打开控制面板,查看我们刚才那个服务的属性-->登陆,其中/"允许服务与桌面交互 /"是不打钩的.怎么办?呵呵,回到IDE,注意那个布尔属性:Interactive,当这个属性为True的时候,该服务程序就可以与桌面交互了.

File-->New-->Form为服务添加窗口FrmMain,单元保存为Unit_FrmMain,并且把这个窗口设置为手工创建.完成后的代码如下:


unit Unit_Main;

interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, SvcMgr, Dialogs, Unit_FrmMain;

type
TDelphiService = class(TService)
procedure ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean);
procedure ServiceExecute(Sender: TService);
procedure ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean);
procedure ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService);
procedure ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean);
procedure ServiceStop(Sender: TService; var Stopped: Boolean);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
function GetServiceController: TServiceController; override;
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
DelphiService: TDelphiService;
FrmMain: TFrmMain;
implementation

{$R *.DFM}

procedure ServiceController(CtrlCode: DWord); stdcall;
begin
DelphiService.Controller(CtrlCode);
end;

function TDelphiService.GetServiceController: TServiceController;
begin
Result := ServiceController;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceContinue(Sender: TService;
var Continued: Boolean);
begin
while not Terminated do
begin
Sleep(10);
ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);
end;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceExecute(Sender: TService);
begin
while not Terminated do
begin
Sleep(10);
ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);
end;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServicePause(Sender: TService;
var Paused: Boolean);
begin
Paused := True;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService);
begin
gbCanClose := true;
FrmMain.Free;
Status := csStopped;
ReportStatus();
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStart(Sender: TService;
var Started: Boolean);
begin
Started := True;
Svcmgr.Application.CreateForm(TFrmMain, FrmMain);
gbCanClose := False;
FrmMain.Hide;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStop(Sender: TService;
var Stopped: Boolean);
begin
Stopped := True;
gbCanClose := True;
FrmMain.Free;
end;

end.


主窗口单元如下:

unit Unit_FrmMain;

interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, ShellApi, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls;

const
WM_TrayIcon = WM_USER + 1234;
type
TFrmMain = class(TForm)
Timer1: TTimer;
Button1: TButton;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
IconData: TNotifyIconData;
procedure AddIconToTray;
procedure DelIconFromTray;
procedure TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_TrayIcon;
procedure SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_SYSCOMMAND;
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
FrmMain: TFrmMain;
gbCanClose: Boolean;
implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TFrmMain.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FormStyle := fsStayOnTop;
SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW);
gbCanClose := False;
Timer1.Interval := 1000;
Timer1.Enabled := True;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean);
begin
CanClose := gbCanClose;
if not CanClose then
begin
Hide;
end;
end;