ZOJ 3791 An Easy Game[dp]

One day, Edward and Flandre play a game. Flandre will show two 01-strings s₁ and s₂, the lengths of two strings are n. Then, Edward must move exact k steps. In each step, Edward should change exact m positions of s₁. That means exact m positions of s₁, '0' will be changed to '1' and '1' will be changed to '0'.

The problem comes, how many different ways can Edward change s₁ to s₂ after k steps? Please calculate the number of the ways mod 1000000009.

Input

Input will consist of multiple test cases and each case will consist of three lines. The first line of each case consist of three integers n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100), k (0 ≤ k ≤ 100), m (0 ≤ m ≤ n). The second line of each case is a 01-string s₁. The third line of each case is a 01-string s₂.

Output

For each test case, you should output a line consist of the result.

Sample Input

3 2 1
100
001

Sample Output

2

Hint

100->101->001
100->000->001

题意：给两个01串A和B，长度都是n。共进行k次操作，每次需翻转m个位，问有多少种方法将A转换成B。

两个串哪位是1哪位是0是无关紧要的，因为不要求翻转连续的几位。要关注的是它们有多少位不相同。

d[i][j]表示第i步操作后有j位不相同的方法数。

先把100以内的组合数推出来然后慢慢搞搞就行。

d[i][j] = d[i-1][s]*C[s][x]*C[n-s][y]

解释一下:s是从上一步可以推导过来的一些状态，即上一步完成后有ｓ位不相同，

显然 max{0,j-m} <= s <= min{n,j+m} 。而且ｓ还与ｊ和ｍ的奇偶性有关。ｊ和ｍ奇偶性相同则ｓ为偶，否则为奇。

每一步操作，我们都可以在上一种状态下先减少ｘ位不同，再增加ｙ位不同，使得此次操作完后不同的数目变成ｊ。每次翻转ｍ位，即ｘ＋ｙ＝ｍ。

最后的答案是 d[k][0]。

#include<cassert>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i,f,t) for(int i = (f), _end = (t); i <= _end; ++i)
#define clr(c,x) memset(c,x,sizeof(c));
#define debug(x) cout<<"debug  "<<x<<endl;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
typedef long long int64;

inline int RD(){
    int res;
    scanf("%d",&res);
    return res;
}

#define Rush for(int casn = RD(), cas = 1; cas <= casn; ++cas)

//*******************************************************************************
const int maxn = 110;
int64 d[maxn][maxn];
char s1[maxn],s2[maxn];
int n,m,k;
int64 C[maxn][maxn];
const int mod = 1000000009;

void calC(){
    C[0][0] = 1;
    rep(i,1,100)rep(j,0,i){
        if(j == 0 || i == j){ C[i][j] = 1; continue; }
        if(i - j >= j)
            C[i][j] = (C[i-1][j] + C[i-1][j-1]) % mod;
        else
            C[i][j] = C[i][i-j];
    }
}
int main(){
    //freopen("3791.in","r",stdin);
    //freopen("3791.out","w",stdout);
    calC();
    while(scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&k,&m) == 3){
        scanf("%s%s",s1,s2);
        int cnt = 0;
        rep(i,0,n-1) cnt += s1[i] != s2[i]; //不同的个数
        clr(d,0);
        d[0][cnt] = 1;
        rep(i,1,k){
            d[i][0] = d[i-1][m];
            rep(j,1,n){
                int oe = (j&1) != (m&1);    //s的奇偶性
                rep(s,max(j-m,0),min(j+m,n)){ //从d[i-1][s]推导过来
                    if((s&1) != oe)continue;
                    if(d[i-1][s] == 0)continue;
                    int dt = s - j; //相差的数目（减少的数）
                    int x = (m + dt) >> 1;
                    int y = m - x;
                    if(x <= s && y <= n-s){
                        d[i][j] = (d[i][j] + d[i-1][s] * C[s][x] % mod * C[n-s][y] % mod) % mod;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        printf("%lld\n",d[k][0]);
    };
    return 0;
}