jdk8_Stream流使用-收集器

简介

通过使用收集器，可以让代码更加方便的进行简化与重用。其内部主要核心是通过Collectors完成更加复杂的计算转换，从而获取到最终结果。并且Collectors内部提供了非常多的常用静态方法，直接拿来就可以了。比方说：toList

Collectors常用方法使用

通过counting()统计集合总数

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 21));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 24));


        Long collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.counting());
        System.out.println(collect);

		//等同于
        long count = studentList.stream().count();
        System.out.println(count);
    }
}

Collectors.counting 中内部做的调用reducing()进行数据汇总

    public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Long> counting() {
        return reducing(0L, e -> 1L, Long::sum);
    }

通过maxBy()与minBy()获取最大值最小值

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 21));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 24));


        //获取年龄最大的学生
        Optional<Student> max = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparing(Student::getAge)));
        System.out.println(max);

        //获取年龄最小的学生
        Optional<Student> min = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.minBy(Comparator.comparing(Student::getAge)));
        System.out.println(min);
    }
}

**

通过averagingInt()进行平均值获取

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 21));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 24));

        //法一:
        Double collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.averagingInt(Student::getAge));
        System.out.println(collect);

        //法二：提取年龄然后求平均值
        OptionalDouble average = studentList.stream().mapToDouble(Student::getAge).average();
        System.out.println(average);
    }
}

**

通过summingInt()进行数据汇总

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 21));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 24));


        IntSummaryStatistics collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.summarizingInt(Student::getAge));
        //总数
        System.out.println(collect.getCount());
        //求和
        System.out.println(collect.getSum());
        //最小数
        System.out.println(collect.getMin());
        //平均数
        System.out.println(collect.getAverage());
        //最大数
        System.out.println(collect.getMax());
    }
}

**

通过joining()进行数据拼接

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 21));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 24));

        String collect = studentList.stream().map(Student::getName).collect(Collectors.joining(","));
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

内部通过StringBuilder来把每一个映射的值进行拼接

public static Collector<CharSequence, ?, String> joining(CharSequence delimiter,
                                                             CharSequence prefix,
                                                             CharSequence suffix) {
        return new CollectorImpl<>(
                () -> new StringJoiner(delimiter, prefix, suffix),
                StringJoiner::add, StringJoiner::merge,
                StringJoiner::toString, CH_NOID);
    }

分组

通过groupBy()实现对数据分组
**

简单分组

根据年龄分组学生信息

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 23));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 19));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 20));

        Map<Integer, List<Student>> collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge));
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

**
结果：

{19=[Student{id=null, name='王五', age=19}, Student{id=null, name='小明', age=19}], 20=[Student{id=null, name='小红', age=20}], 23=[Student{id=null, name='张三', age=23}, Student{id=null, name='李四', age=23}]}

多级分组

Collectors.groupingBy提供了一个重载方法，其会在内层分组(第二个参数)结果，传递给外层分组(第一个参数)作为其继续分组的依据

按照年龄分组及是否及格分组

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23, true));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 23, false));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19, true));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 19, true));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 20, true));

        Map<Integer, Map<String, List<Student>>> collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge, Collectors.groupingBy(item -> {
            if (item.isPass()) {
                return "pass";
            } else {
                return "no pass";
            }
        })));
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

运行结果：

{19={pass=[Student{id=null, name='王五', age=19, pass=true}, Student{id=null, name='小明', age=19, pass=true}]}, 20={pass=[Student{id=null, name='小红', age=20, pass=true}]}, 23={pass=[Student{id=null, name='张三', age=23, pass=true}], no pass=[Student{id=null, name='李四', age=23, pass=false}]}}

多级分组变形

• 案例：根据年龄分组，然后统计总数

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23, true));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 23, false));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19, true));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 19, true));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 20, true));

        Map<Integer, Long> collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge, Collectors.counting()));
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

运行结果：

{19=2, 20=1, 23=2}

• 案例：统计出每个年龄下，及格和未及格的人数

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23, true, 100));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 23, false, 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19, true, 80));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 19, false, 40));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 19, true, 80));

        Map<Integer, Map<Boolean, Long>> collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge,
                Collectors.groupingBy(Student::isPass,
                        Collectors.counting())));
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

案例：统计出每个年龄下，及格和未及格的最高分数

public class CollectorsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("张三", 23, true, 100));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四", 23, false, 20));
        studentList.add(new Student("王五", 19, true, 80));
        studentList.add(new Student("小明", 19, false, 40));
        studentList.add(new Student("小红", 19, true, 80));

        Map<Integer, Map<Boolean, Student>> collect = studentList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getAge,
                Collectors.groupingBy(Student::isPass,
                        Collectors.collectingAndThen(
                                Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparing(Student::getScope)), Optional::get))));
        System.out.println(collect);
    }
}

运行结果：

{19={false=Student{id=null, name='小明', age=19, pass=false}, true=Student{id=null, name='王五', age=19, pass=true}}, 23={false=Student{id=null, name='李四', age=23, pass=false}, true=Student{id=null, name='张三', age=23, pass=true}}}