http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/47079737 ;
本文出自:【张鸿洋的博客】
1、概述
话说最近股市变动不变,也成了热火朝天的话题。不知道大家有没有考虑做个实时更新股市数据的app呢?假设我们要做一个股市数据实时更新的app,我们可以在网上找个第三方的股市数据接口,然后在我们的app中每隔1分钟(合适的时间)去更新数据,然后更新我们的UI即可。
当然了,本文不是要教大家做这样一个app,只是举个场景。言归正传,回到我们的HandlerThread,大家一定听说过Looper、Handler、Message三者的关系(如果不了解,可以查看Android 异步消息处理机制 让你深入理解 Looper、Handler、Message三者关系),在我们的UI线程默默的为我们服务。其实我们可以借鉴UI线程Looper的思想,搞个子线程,也通过Handler、Message通信,可以适用于很多场景。
对了,我之前写过一篇博文Android Handler 异步消息处理机制的妙用 创建强大的图片加载类,这篇博文中就在子线程中创建了Looper,Handler,原理和HandlerThread一模一样,可惜当时我并不知道这个类,不过大家也可以当做HandlerThread应用场景进行学习。
2、HandlerThread实例
下面看我们模拟大盘走势的代码,其实非常简单,就一个Activity
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.zhy.blogcodes.intentservice; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Bundle; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Handler; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.HandlerThread; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Message; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.text.Html; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.widget.TextView; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.zhy.blogcodes.R; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HandlerThreadActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> TextView mTvServiceInfo; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> HandlerThread mCheckMsgThread; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Handler mCheckMsgHandler; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> isUpdateInfo; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> MSG_UPDATE_INFO = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x110</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//与UI线程管理的handler</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Handler mHandler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Handler(); <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_thread_handler); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建后台线程</span> initBackThread(); mTvServiceInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.id_textview); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onResume</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onResume(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//开始查询</span> isUpdateInfo = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>; mCheckMsgHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MSG_UPDATE_INFO); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPause</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onPause(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//停止查询</span> isUpdateInfo = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; mCheckMsgHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UPDATE_INFO); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">initBackThread</span>() { mCheckMsgThread = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HandlerThread(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"check-message-coming"</span>); mCheckMsgThread.start(); mCheckMsgHandler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Handler(mCheckMsgThread.getLooper()) { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) { checkForUpdate(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (isUpdateInfo) { mCheckMsgHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(MSG_UPDATE_INFO, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1000</span>); } } }; } <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** * 模拟从服务器解析数据 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">checkForUpdate</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//模拟耗时</span> Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1000</span>); mHandler.post(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Runnable() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">run</span>() { String result = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"实时更新中,当前大盘指数:<font color='red'>%d</font>"</span>; result = String.format(result, (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>) (Math.random() * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3000</span> + <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1000</span>)); mTvServiceInfo.setText(Html.fromHtml(result)); } }); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDestroy</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onDestroy(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//释放资源</span> mCheckMsgThread.quit(); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; 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padding: 0px 5px;">112</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">113</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">114</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">115</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">116</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">117</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">118</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">119</li></ul>
可以看到我们在onCreate中,去创建和启动了HandlerThread,并且关联了一个mCheckMsgHandler。然后我们分别在onResume和onPause中去开启和暂停我们的查询,最后在onDestory中去释放资源。
这样就实现了我们每隔5s去服务端查询最新的数据,然后更新我们的UI,当然我们这里通过Thread.sleep()模拟耗时,返回了一个随机数,大家可以很轻易的换成真正的数据接口。
布局文库
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">RelativeLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:tools</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/tools"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:paddingLeft</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:paddingRight</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:paddingTop</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:paddingBottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/id_textview"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"正在加载大盘指数..."</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">RelativeLayout</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>
运行效果图
别问我为什么要用红色!!!
ok,当然了,我们的效果很单调,但是你完全可以去扩展,比如ListView显示用户关注的股票数据。或者是其他的需要一直检测更新的数据。
看到这,你是否好奇呢,HandlerThread的内部是如何做的呢?其实非常的简单,如果你看过Android 异步消息处理机制 让你深入理解 Looper、Handler、Message三者关系估计扫几眼就会了。
HandlerThread 源码分析
对于所有Looper,Handler相关细节统一参考上面提到的文章。
我们轻轻的掀开HandlerThread的源码,还记得我们是通过
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> mCheckMsgThread = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HandlerThread(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"check-message-coming"</span>); mCheckMsgThread.start(); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
创建和启动的对象,那么随便扫一眼:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> android.os; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HandlerThread</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Thread</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mPriority; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mTid = -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; Looper mLooper; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HandlerThread</span>(String name) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(name); mPriority = Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onLooperPrepared</span>() { } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">run</span>() { mTid = Process.myTid(); Looper.prepare(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>) { mLooper = Looper.myLooper(); notifyAll(); } Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority); onLooperPrepared(); Looper.loop(); mTid = -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li></ul>
看到了什么,其实我们就是初始化和启动了一个线程;然后我们看run()方法,可以看到该方法中调用了Looper.prepare(),Loop.loop();
prepare()呢,中创建了一个Looper对象,并且把该对象放到了该线程范围内的变量中(sThreadLocal),在Looper对象的构造过程中,初始化了一个MessageQueue,作为该Looper对象成员变量。
loop()就开启了,不断的循环从MessageQueue中取消息处理了,当没有消息的时候会阻塞,有消息的到来的时候会唤醒。如果你不明白我说的,参考上面推荐的文章。
接下来,我们创建了一个mCheckMsgHandler,是这么创建的:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mCheckMsgHandler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Handler(mCheckMsgThread.getLooper())</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
对应源码
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Looper <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getLooper</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!isAlive()) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created.</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (isAlive() && mLooper == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { wait(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) { } } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mLooper; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>
mCheckMsgThread.getLooper()返回的就是我们在run方法中创建的mLooper。
那么Handler的构造呢,其实就是在Handler中持有一个指向该Looper.mQueue对象,当handler调用sendMessage方法时,其实就是往该mQueue中去插入一个message,然后Looper.loop()就会取出执行。
好了,到这我们就分析完了,其实就几行代码;不过有一点我想提一下:
如果你够细心你会发现,run方法里面当mLooper创建完成后有个notifyAll(),getLooper()中有个wait(),这是为什么呢?因为的mLooper在一个线程中执行,而我们的handler是在UI线程初始化的,也就是说,我们必须等到mLooper创建完成,才能正确的返回getLooper();wait(),notify()就是为了解决这两个线程的同步问题。
不过对于这样的线程间的同步问题,我非常喜欢使用Semaphore。
还记得在Android Handler 异步消息处理机制的妙用 创建强大的图片加载类一文中有类似的说明:
如果你比较细心,可能会发现里面还有一些信号量的操作的代码,如果你不了解什么是信号量,可以参考:Java 并发专题 : Semaphore 实现 互斥 与 连接池 。 简单说一下mSemaphore(信号数为1)的作用,由于mPoolThreadHander实在子线程初始化的,所以我在初始化前调用了mSemaphore.acquire去请求一个信号量,然后在初始化完成后释放了此信号量,我为什么这么做呢?因为在主线程可能会立即使用到mPoolThreadHander,但是mPoolThreadHander是在子线程初始化的,虽然速度很快,但是我也不能百分百的保证,主线程使用时已经初始化结束。
哈,当时也有很多人问,为什么使用这个Semaphore,到这里我想大家应该清楚了。话说假设我当时真的HanderThread这个类,可能之前的代码能简化不少呢~