SpringMVC最基础配置

SpringMVC和Struts2一样，是前后台的一个粘合剂，struts2用得比较熟悉了，现在来配置一下SpringMVC，看看其最基础配置和基本使用。SpriingMVC不是太难，学习成本不高，现在很多人都喜欢使用它了。

本次demo工程是一个maven工程，使用maven来对项目进行管理。

一、首先需要建立一个maven的webapp工程。

目录结构如下：

二、配置maven的pox.xml

<dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.10</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
     <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

Maven配置界面如下图。

这里我们使用的spring版本是3.2.8.RELEASE；配置好后，maven会自动给我们加载其他依赖的jar包，如下图：

具体依赖的包如下：

1） aopalliance-1.0.jar

2）  commons-logging-1.1.3.jar

3）  spring-aop-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

4）  spring-beans-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

5）  spring-context-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

6）  spring-core-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

7）  spring-expression-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

8）  spring-web-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

9）  spring-webmvc-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

10）             jstl-1.1.2.jar

三、工程配置

1、建立一个最基础的springMVC测试工程目录结构如下图：

2、application_spring_mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

	<!-- 自动扫描的包名 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.clj"/>

	<!-- 默认的注解映射的支持，自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 视图解释类 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    	<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
    	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    	<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
    </bean>
 	
 	<!-- 对静态资源文件的访问-->
	<mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/WEB-INF/images/" cache-period="31556926"/>
	<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/js/" cache-period="31556926"/>
	<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/css/" cache-period="31556926"/>

</beans> 

3、web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <!-- ================spring mvc 适配器================ -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath*:/applicationContext/application_spring_mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
  
  <!-- ================================================== -->
	<servlet-mapping>        
	    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>       
	    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>      
	</servlet-mapping>   

	<welcome-file-list>
	    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

4、index.html

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <!-- ================spring mvc 适配器================ -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath*:/applicationContext/application_spring_mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
  
  <!-- ================================================== -->
	<servlet-mapping>        
	    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>       
	    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>      
	</servlet-mapping>   

	<welcome-file-list>
	    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

5、UserAction.java

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <!-- ================spring mvc 适配器================ -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath*:/applicationContext/application_spring_mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
  
  <!-- ================================================== -->
	<servlet-mapping>        
	    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>       
	    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>      
	</servlet-mapping>   

	<welcome-file-list>
	    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

6、saveUserSuccess.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>添加用户成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>操作成功了</h1>
后台返回的信息：${msg}
</body>
</html>

四、发布工程到tomcat进行测试

1）  浏览器中输入：http://localhost:8080/demoSpringMVC/

便可进入index.html页面，如下图：

2）  提交后