JAVA接口连接-httpClient

客户端使用httpclient发送请求：相比于jdk自带的URLConnection，增加了易用性和灵活性，它不仅是客户端发送Http请求变得容易，而且也方便了开发人员测试接口（基于Http协议的），即提高了开发的效率，也方便提高代码的健壮性
客户端处理：
1.使用PostMethod方式
将文件封装到FilePart中，放入Part数组，同时，其他参数可以放入StringPart中，这里没有写，只是单纯的将参数以setParameter的方式进行设置。此处的HttpClient是org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient。

public void uploadForPostMethod(){
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
        PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(uri);
        try {
            //使用setParameter设置参数，模拟页面提交
            postMethod.setParameter("name","张三");
            postMethod.setParameter("age", "16");
            Part[] parts = { new FilePart(file.getName(), file) };
            postMethod.setRequestEntity(new MultipartRequestEntity(parts, postMethod.getParams()));
            //设置连接超时时间
            httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(6000);
            //设置读取数据超时时间
            httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setSoTimeout(1000);
            //执行postMethod请求
            httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);//此方法返回一个int类型的status值，可以根据此值判断是否传值成功
            String response = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
            System.out.println(response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            //释放连接
            postMethod.releaseConnection();
        }
    }

2.使用httpPost方式
与上面类似，只不过变成了FileBody。上面的Part数组在这里对应HttpEntity。此处的HttpClient是org.apache.http.client.methods下的。

public void uploadForHttpPost(){
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            // 把一个普通参数和文件上传给下面这个地址，是一个servlet
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);
            //把文件对象转换为流对象，依赖于jar包
            FileBody bin = new FileBody(new File(localFile));
                 StringBody userName = new StringBody("Scott", ContentType.create(
                         "text/plain", Consts.UTF_8));
                   StringBody password = new StringBody("123456", ContentType.create(
                           "text/plain", Consts.UTF_8));
                   HttpEntity reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
                          // 相当于<input type="file" name="file"/>
                           .addPart("file", bin)

                           // 相当于<input type="text" name="userName" value=userName>
                        .addPart("userName", userName)
                           .addPart("pass", password)
                       .build();
                  httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
                    // 发起请求 并返回请求的响应
                   response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
                   System.out.println("The response value of token:" + response.getFirstHeader("token"));
                  // 获取响应对象
                  HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
                    if (resEntity != null) {
                       // 打印响应长度
                   System.out.println("Response content length: " + resEntity.getContentLength());
                         // 打印响应内容
                       System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
                   }
                   // 销毁
                 EntityUtils.consume(resEntity);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

官网所采用HttpClient发送客户端请求的例子：使用PostMethod方式

HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
            // 设置超时时间
            HttpConnectionManagerParams managerParams = httpClient
                    .getHttpConnectionManager().getParams();
            // 设置连接超时时间(单位毫秒)
            managerParams.setConnectionTimeout(60000);
            // 设置读数据超时时间(单位毫秒)
            managerParams.setSoTimeout(60000);*/
            //设置编码格式
            httpClient.getParams().setContentCharset("UTF-8");
            //类似一种http协议
            Protocol myhttps = new Protocol("https",
                    new MySSLProtocolSocketFactory(), 443);
            Protocol.registerProtocol("https", myhttps);
            //构造PostMethod的实例 eleOrderUrl从配置文件中读取
            elcOrderUrl = FileUtil.getInstance().getServerUrlForElcOrder();
            PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(elcOrderUrl);
            //请求参数
            String dayAfter = null;
            if(elcOrderQuery.getEndTime()!=null && !"".equals(elcOrderQuery.getEndTime())){
                Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance(); 
                Date date=null; 
                try { 
                    date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(elcOrderQuery.getEndTime()); 
                } catch (ParseException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace(); 
                } 
                c.setTime(date); 
                int day=c.get(Calendar.DATE); 
                c.set(Calendar.DATE,day+1); 

                dayAfter=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(c.getTime()); 

            }
            //
            JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject();
            jsonObj.put("userName", elcOrderQuery.getUserName());
            jsonObj.put("startTime", elcOrderQuery.getStartTime());
            jsonObj.put("endTime", dayAfter);
            jsonObj.put("orderNumbers", elcOrderQuery.getOrderNumbers());
            jsonObj.put("conName", elcOrderQuery.getConName());
            jsonObj.put("cargoName", elcOrderQuery.getCargoName());
            jsonObj.put("acceptStatus", elcOrderQuery.getAcceptStatus());
            jsonObj.put("startLine", elcOrderQuery.getStartLine());
            jsonObj.put("limit", elcOrderQuery.getLimit());
            String js = jsonObj.toString();
            RequestEntity entity = new StringRequestEntity(js,
                    "application/json", "UTF-8");
            postMethod.setRequestEntity(entity);
            postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type",
                    "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            // 执行postMethod
            httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
            String responseBody = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
            Map<String, Class> classMap = new HashMap<String, Class>();  

            classMap.put("elcOrderList", ElcOrder.class);  
            ElcOrderPage elcOrderPage = (ElcOrderPage) net.sf.json.JSONObject.toBean(net.sf.json.JSONObject.fromObject(responseBody), ElcOrderPage.class,classMap);
            return elcOrderPage;