Win32多线程 -- C Run-time Librariy

Win32多线程程序建议:
1. 以 _beginthreadex 取代 CreateThread
2. 以 _endthreadex 取代 ExitThread 
3. 不要使用 _beginthread 和 _endthread
4. 不要在MFC程序中使用 _beginthread 或 CreateThread

Windows区分单线程版本和多线程版本的 C Run-time Librariy , 多线程版本要使用 _beginthreadex 函数做初始化。如果任何线程中使用到了 C Run-time Librariy 函数，就不要使用 CreateThread 启动。_beginthreadex 和 CreateThread 的参数一致。

unsigned long _beginthreadex(
	void *security, // 相当于 CreateThread中的 Security 参数
	unsigned stack_size, // 新线程的堆栈大小, 单位是字节
	unsigned (__stdcall *start_address)(void *), // 线程启动时所执行的函数
	void *arglist, // 线程参数指针
	unsigned initflag, // 启动时的状态标记
	unsigned* thrdaddr // 新线程的 ID 将藉此参数传回
);

返回值：
如果失败, 返回0;
成功, 返回线程HANDLE, 可用于控制线程;

 启动线程的基本框架

#include <windows.h>
#include <process.h>
unsigned __stdcall myfunc(void* p);

void main()
{
	unsigned long thd;
	unsigned tid;

	thd = _beginthreadex(NULL,
		0,
		myfunc,
		0,
		0,
 		&tid );
 	if (thd != NULL)
	{
		CloseHandle(thd);
	}
 }

unsigned __stdcall myfunc(void* p)
{
	// ...
}

多线程使用 C Run-time Librariy

/*
* SrchCrt.c
*
* Sample code for "Multithreading Applications in Win32"
* This is from Chapter 8, Listing 8-1
*
* Uses multiple threads to search the files
* "*.c" in the current directory for the string
* given on the command line.
*
* This example uses the multithreaded version of
* the C run-time library so as to be able to use
* the FILE functions as well as calloc and free.
*
* Build this file with the command line: cl /MD SrchCrt.c
*
*/
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <process.h> /* _beginthreadex, _endthreadex */
#include <stddef.h>
#include "MtVerify.h"

DWORD WINAPI SearchProc( void *arg );
#define MAX_THREADS 3
HANDLE hThreadLimitSemaphore;
char szSearchFor[1024];

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
 	WIN32_FIND_DATA *lpFindData;
	HANDLE hFindFile;
 	HANDLE hThread;
 	DWORD dummy;
 	int i;

 	if (argc != 2)
 	{
 		printf("Usage: %s <search-string>\n", argv[0]);
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
	}

 	/* Put search string where everyone can see it */
	strcpy(szSearchFor, argv[1]);

 	/* Each thread will be given its own results buffer */
 	lpFindData = calloc( 1, sizeof(WIN32_FIND_DATA) );

 	/* Semaphore prevents too many threads from running */
 	MTVERIFY( hThreadLimitSemaphore = CreateSemaphore(
 				NULL, /* Security */
				MAX_THREADS, /* Make all of them available */
 				MAX_THREADS, /* No more than MAX_THREADS */
 				NULL ) /* Unnamed */
 	);

 	hFindFile = FindFirstFile( "*.c", lpFindData );

 	if (hFindFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;

 	do {
		WaitForSingleObject( hThreadLimitSemaphore,
 							INFINITE );

 		MTVERIFY(
				hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,
 										0,
										SearchProc,
										lpFindData,
 										0,
 										&dummy
										)
				);
		MTVERIFY( CloseHandle( hThread ) );

 		lpFindData = calloc( 1, sizeof(WIN32_FIND_DATA) );

	} while ( FindNextFile( hFindFile, lpFindData ));

 	FindClose( hFindFile );

 	for (i=0; i<MAX_THREADS; i++)
		WaitForSingleObject(
 					hThreadLimitSemaphore,
					INFINITE );
 	MTVERIFY( CloseHandle( hThreadLimitSemaphore ) );

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

DWORD __stdcall SearchProc( void *arg )
{
	WIN32_FIND_DATA *lpFindData = (WIN32_FIND_DATA *)arg;
 	char buf[1024];
 	FILE* fp;

	fp = fopen(lpFindData->cFileName, "r");
 	if (!fp)
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;

 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp))
 	{
 		/* Inefficient search strategy, but it's easy */
 		if (strstr(buf, szSearchFor))
		printf("%s: %s", lpFindData->cFileName, buf);
 	}

	fclose(fp);
	free(lpFindData);

 	MTVERIFY( ReleaseSemaphore( hThreadLimitSemaphore,
 						1, // Add one to the count
 						NULL ) ); // Do not need the old value
}