Linux下安装nginx学习笔记

操作系统：CentOS 7 64位

1.Linux下安装nginx

: nginx官网下载地址链接

下载得文件上传到到Linux系统下

linux依赖库，可以先别装，等到需要那个再装那个

解压编译安装需要用到这三个
yum install gcc-c++
yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

解压命令

tar -zxvf nginx1.21.0

解压后的路径
cd nginx1.21.0
配置安装路径
./configure --prefix=/software/nginx1.21.0
编译安装
make && make install

配置nginx环境变量
vi /etc/profile
export PATH=/software/nginx1.21.0/sbin:$PATH

source /etc/profile //使修改生效
打开防火墙

配置
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
重启
systemctl restart firewalld.service
查看
firewall-cmd --list-ports

查看nginx进程
ps -ef|grep nginx
启动
nginx
停止服务
nginx -s stop
退出服务
nginx -s quit

2.nginx设置开机启动

nginx官网脚本地址
需要修改这三个配置，改为自己的路径

nginx官网脚本
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
我本地改为
# pidfile:     /software/nginx1.21.0/logs/nginx.pid
nginx="/software/nginx1.21.0/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/software/nginx1.21.0/conf/nginx.conf"

全部代码，文件名称nginx

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /software/nginx1.21.0/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/software/nginx1.21.0/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/software/nginx1.21.0/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   if [ -n "$user" ]; then
      if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
         useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
      fi
      options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
      for opt in $options; do
          if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
              value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
              if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
                  # echo "creating" $value
                  mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
              fi
          fi
       done
    fi
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $prog -HUP
    retval=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

1.修改文件权限
cd /etc/init.d/
chmod a+x nginx
2.把脚本添加到系统服务
chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx
3.验证系统服务
service nginx start //开户nginx下面有报错解决办法
service nginx stop //关闭nginx
4.开机自动启动
chkconfig nginx on

可能是编码问题，下载Notepad++

3.Linux一些命令

在虚拟机下的一些操作

查看ip
ip addr
ifconfig
设置IP,编辑ifcfg-ens33文件
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
i命令编辑
添加或修改为
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.50.42	//要添加或修改的ip
NETMASK=255.255.255.0	//子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.50.1	//默认网关
esc		//退出编辑
:wq		//保存退出
service network restart	//重启网卡,这样就算完成IP设置了

yum错误

可能是解析不了域名的原因？
我这块是ping ip可以，ping 域名不行

修改文件
vi /etc/resolv.conf
添加上自己的网关
nameserver 192.168.50.1
或者加上
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
重置yum
yum clean all
yum makecache