[Perl]对*.zip文件操作的记录<一>

[Perl]对*.zip文件操作的记录<一>

今天要对*.zip文件进行简单的操作，如解压缩，提取某只文件等。来这里记录下，以免忘记。

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今天寫的腳本，大概會用到

1. new( ) 讀取一個zip文件（要分析的zip 文件目錄和文件比較固定），
2. 再用memberNames( ) 來列出zip中的文件[名]，
3. 再來判斷某個文件是否存在。
4. 如果存在，就用contents( )讀取其內容，
5. 最後進行解析。

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以下開始用 code 記錄要用到的一些知識點。

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先加个帽子 Archive::Zip ：

#!perl
use strict;
use warnings;

#報告更詳細的問題描述，等同 perl - Mdiagnostics ./my-program.pl
use diagnostics;

#Provide an interface to ZIP archive files.
use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES :CONSTANTS );

---

read( )读取某个zip文件，这里读取文件someZip.zip：

# Read a Zip file
my $somezip = Archive::Zip->new();
unless ( $somezip->read( 'someZip.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
    die 'read error';
}

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someZip.zip压缩的文件内容如下图：

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memberNames( ) 列出zip文件中的文件及文件名，包括目录名。

#Return a list of the (internal) file names of the zip members
my @nameOfmembers = $somezip->memberNames();
print "\n nameOfmembers :@nameOfmembers\n";

显示结果：
nameOfmembers :
a.txt
folder/
folder/b.txt
folder/c

---

numberOfMembers( )返回zip文件中的文件及文件名的個數。

#Return the number of members I have
my $memberOfmembers = $somezip->numberOfMembers();
print "\n memberOfmembers : $memberOfmembers\n";

顯示結果：
memberOfmembers : 4

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membersMatching( ) 查找匹配的個數。

#Return ref to member whose filename equals given filename or undef. 
#'$string' must be in Zip (Unix) filename format.

my $memberMatching = $somezip->membersMatching('.*\.txt');
print "\n memberMatching: $memberMatching\n";

顯示結果：
memberMatching: 2

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members( ) 返回zip文件中的文件及文件名的HASH。

#Return a copy of the members array
my @members = $somezip->members();
print "\n members: @members\n";

显示结果：
members:
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember=HASH(0x2d59594)
Archive::Zip::DirectoryMember=HASH(0x1e51104)
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember=HASH(0x2d5ad64)
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember=HASH(0x2d5afd4)

---

membersMatching( ) 返回zip文件中的匹配的文件及文件名的HASH。

my @textFileMembers = $somezip->membersMatching( '.*\.txt' );
print "\n textFileMembers: @textFileMembers\n";

顯示結果：
textFileMembers:
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember=HASH(0x2d59594)
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember=HASH(0x2d5ad64)

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fileName( )返回 zip檔案名

#Returns the name of the file last read from. 
#If nothing has been read yet, returns an empty string; 
#if read from a file handle, returns the handle in string form.
print "\n fileName:" . $somezip->fileName();

顯示結果：
fileName:someZip.zip

---

zipfileComment( ) 返回comment， 個人感覺沒有什麼用處，先記一筆。

print "\n zipfileComment:" . $somezip->zipfileComment();
$somezip->zipfileComment( 'New Comment' );
print "\n zipfileComment:" . $somezip->zipfileComment();

顯示結果：
zipfileComment:
zipfileComment:New Comment

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centralDirectorySize( ) 估計很少用不到這個功能。

#Returns central directory size, 
#as read from an external zip file. 
#Not used for writing zips, 
#but might be interesting if you read a zip in.
print "\n centralDirectorySize:" . $somezip->centralDirectorySize();

顯示結果：
centralDirectorySize:360

---

diskNumber( ) 只是記錄下有這個方法。

#Return the disk that I start on. 
#Not used for writing zips, 
#but might be interesting if you read a zip in. 
#This should be 0, as Archive::Zip does not handle multi-volume archives.
print "\n diskNumber:" . $somezip->diskNumber();

顯示結果：
diskNumber:0

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extractTree( ) 将zip 档案中的所有文件解压缩出来，这功能会经常用到。

#If you don't give any arguments at all, 
#will extract all the files in the zip with their original names.
print "\n status:" . $somezip->extractTree();

显示结果：
status:0

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会将zip 档案中的folder目录下的文件解压缩出来。

print "\n status:" . $somezip->extractTree("folder");

显示结果：
status:0

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extractMember( ) 解压缩匹配的文件。

# now extract the some files into the current directory
# Returns undef if member does not exist in this Zip
$somezip->extractMember( 'a.txt' );
$somezip->extractMember( 'folder/b.txt' );
print "\n status:" .  $somezip->extractMember( 'folder/c' );

顯示結果：
status:0

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不是匹配的文件，返回错误2
（AZ_ERROR (2) There was some generic kind of error.）

print "\n status:" . $somezip->extractMember( 'folder/d' );

显示结果：
status:2
error: member not found
at C:/Perl/lib/Archive/Zip/Archive.pm line 186.

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contents( )將匹配文件的內容讀出來。這個才是今天我要用到的功能。

# now read the contents from a file
print "\n contents:" . $somezip->contents( 'folder/c' );

顯示結果：
contents: writtem by ChampWang, 20150708, HZ.

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最後，有一個extractTree( )的某一项功能的介紹，并無卵用，但还是附上格式和 instance。

$somezip->extractTree( [ $root, $dest, $volume } ] )
$somezip->extractTree( [ { root => $root, zipName => $dest, volume => $volume } ] )

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For instance

$somezip->extractTree( 'a' );

when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:
a/x as ./x
a/b/c as ./b/c

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$somezip->extractTree( 'a', 'd/e' );

will extract:
a/x to d/e/x
a/b/c to d/e/b/c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e

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$somezip->extractTree( 'a', 'd/e', 'f:' );

will extract:
a/x to f:d/e/x
a/b/c to f:d/e/b/c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e

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$somezip->extractTree( 'a', '/d/e', 'f:' );

will extract:
a/x to f:\d\e\x
a/b/c to f:\d\e\b\c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e

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以下為部分code：

#!perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use diagnostics;
use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES :CONSTANTS );

#function for extract files and read the contents from the zip file
#writtem by ChampWang, 20150708, HZ.
#ver:0.01

# Read a Zip file
my $somezip = Archive::Zip->new();
unless ( $somezip->read( 'someZip.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
    die 'read error';
}

#Return a list of the (internal) file names of the zip members
my @nameOfmembers = $somezip->memberNames();
print "\n nameOfmembers :@nameOfmembers\n";


# now read the contents from a file
print "\n contents:" . $somezip->contents( 'folder/c' ) . "\n";

創建，更新，追加zip文件的有關內容，以後有空再寫，這次記錄到此，打住。

Reference:
http://search.cpan.org/~phred/Archive-Zip-1.48/lib/Archive/Zip.pm