Mini-Container 开发者手册
(Mini-Container Beta 0.9)
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http://www.blogjava.net/Files/chaocai/mini-container-beta-0.9.rar
http://www.blogjava.net/Files/chaocai/mini-container-beta-0.9.rar
蔡超
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Chaocai2001@yahoo.com.cn
Mini-Container是本人实现的一个轻量级的IoC(Inversion of Control, 控制反制)容器,并且提供了对AOP的简单支持。
IoC容器目前已经在各种项目中的得到了广泛的应用,它的使用大大提升了应用的可维护性和可测试性,并且简化的了应用的构建。在作者所参与的项目中这样的容器也无处不在。
为了加深对这些容器原理的理解,本人开发了这个容器,在开发过程中的确在很多方面都有了新的认识,如果不是亲自做过很多思想是很难体会的。
特将此容器的实现贡献给大家研究和学习,一同进步,一同分享,为振兴中国的软件业一同努力。
为在”5.12 特大地震”中的受难同胞祈福,愿祖国更强大!
目录
Mini-Container是一个轻量级的IoC(Inversion of Control, 控制反制)容器,并且提供了对AOP的简单支持。
Mini-Contaiiner具有以下特性:
1 轻量级的IoC容器,Mini-Container目前的版本使用和部署都十分简单,仅一个jar文件,mini-container.jar,
2 简单AOP支持,可以对组件提供的服务方法进行拦截, 加入自定义拦截器。
3
SOA in JVM,将
SOA的思想融入其中,每个组件(component)声名自己可以提供的服务(service),这种服务通过Java interface进行定义及描述。各组件同时声明运行时所需依赖的服务(reference),容器会根据配置自动为该组件连接所需服务的提供者。
4 支持与其他Framework的整合,目前mini-container可以与spring进行整合。
运行环境要求:JDK1.5以上。
以下示例展示了一个计算器服务的实现。
Mini-container的组件配置文件:calculator.xml
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
composite
xmlns
=
"http://www.ccsoft.org/schema/components"
xmlns:xsi
=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation
=
"http://www.ccsoft.org/schema/components mini-container.xsd"
>
<
component
name
=
"CalculatorService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.CalculatorServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.CalculatorService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.AddService"
bind-property
=
"addService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.SubtractService"
bind-property
=
"subtractService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.MultiplyService"
bind-property
=
"multiplyService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.DivideService"
bind-property
=
"divideService"
/>
</
component
>
<
component
name
=
"AddService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.AddServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.AddService"
/>
</
component
>
<
component
name
=
"SubtractService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.SubtractServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.SubtractService"
/>
</
component
>
<
component
name
=
"MultiplyService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.MultiplyServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.MultiplyService"
/>
</
component
>
<
component
name
=
"DivideService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.DivideServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.DivideService"
/>
</
component
>
</
composite
>
可见配置文件,清晰的表达了这种组件与服务间的关系,实现代码参见
CalculatorSample。
1 初始化一个Mini-Container
MiniContainer container=new MiniContainer();
container.loadBundlesFromClassPath("first.xml");
2 获取可用组件
//获取服务上下文
ServiceContext context=container.getServiceContext();
SaySomething service=(SaySomething) container.getServiceContext().getServiceByType(SaySomething.class.getName());
获取组件可以根据组件提供的服务及组件名来获取。
其它相关API
/**
* get the service instance by component name
* @param name component name
* @return
*/
public Object getServiceByName(String name);
/**
* get the service instance by service type
* @param type service type
* @return
*/
public Object getServiceByType(String type);
/**
* get the service instance by service type and component name
* @param type service type
* @param name component name
* @return
*/
public Object getServiceByType(String type,String name);
/**
* get the all the service instance by service type
* @param type serviceType
* @return
*/
3 获取未激活的组件
如果组件的依赖关系无法得到解决,则组件将处于未激活状态,未激活的组件可以通过以下方式获取:
Set<?> bundles=context.getUnResolvingServiceBundles();
组件(Component)及服务(Service)
Mini-Container中所指的组件是通过普通的Java Bean实现的,通常情况组件会通过Java Interface定义组件所能提供的服务,并且通过Java Bean(组件的实现来实现这个接口)。
配置文件定义如下:
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
composite
xmlns
=
"http://www.ccsoft.org/schema/components"
xmlns:xsi
=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation
=
"http://www.ccsoft.org/schema/components mini-container.xsd"
>
<
component
name
=
"AddService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.AddServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.AddService"
/>
</
component
>
</
composite
>
接口:AddService.java
package org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator;
/**
* The Add service interface
*/
public interface AddService {
double add(double n1, double n2);
}
组件实现:AddServiceImpl.java
package org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl;
import org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.AddService;
/**
* An implementation of the Add service
*/
public class AddServiceImpl implements AddService {
public double add(double n1, double n2) {
return n1 + n2;
}
}
一个组件可以实现多个接口,从而暴露多个服务。
Mini-Container能够通过IoC帮助我们管理组件间的依赖。与Spring不同的是我们通常不需指明具体依赖的组件的名字,而是指明所依赖的服务(即java interface)。
<
component
name
=
"CalculatorService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.impl.CalculatorServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.CalculatorService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.AddService"
bind-property
=
"addService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.SubtractService"
bind-property
=
"subtractService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.MultiplyService"
bind-property
=
"multiplyService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.minicontainer.samples.calculator.DivideService"
bind-property
=
"divideService"
/>
</
component
>
通过
referece
元素指定组件所依赖的服务,及这种服务实现被注入后所绑定的属性名称(通过
bind-
property
指定)。
当如果多个组件提供了某组件所依赖的服务时,容器会在其中自动选择一个进行关系注入。通过filter属性我们还可以在这种情况下指定具体的组件,filter属性值为所指定的组件名。
<reference inter bind-property="helloService" filter="sorryService"/>
Cardinality属性
通过将该属性设置为”1..n”,我们可以将多个服务提供者注入到依赖当中,但这是绑定的属性必须是集合类型。
<
component
name
=
"helloServiceInvoker"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloServiceInvoker"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloService"
/>
<
reference
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloService"
bind-property
=
"services"
cardinality
=
"1..n"
/>
</
component
>
package org.ccsoft.mc.samples;
import java.util.Collection;
public class HelloServiceInvoker implements HelloService{
private Collection<HelloService> services;
public String sayHello(String sb) {
String ret="";
for (HelloService service:services){
ret+=service.sayHello(sb)+"\n";
}
return ret;
}
public Collection<HelloService> getServices() {
return services;
}
public void setServices(Collection<HelloService> services) {
this.services = services;
}
}
Mini-Container支持对组件实现类的特定属性通过配置文件进行值的注入,目前版本支持注入的类型包括,数据类型,字符类型及日期类型。
<
component
name
=
"helloService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloService"/
>
<
property
name
=
"greeting"
value
=
"Hi"
/>
<
property
name
=
"date"
value
=
"2008-05-08 15:00:00"
/>
</
component
>
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
private String greeting;
private Date date;
public String getGreeting() {
return greeting;
}
public void setGreeting(String greeting) {
this.greeting = greeting;
}
public String sayHello(String sb) {
return greeting+" "+sb+" "+date;
}
public Date getDate() {
return date;
}
public void setDate(Date date) {
this.date = date;
}
}
注意目前日期支持的格式为:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
Mini-Container支持了简单的AOP功能,可以对服务的调用进行拦截。这种拦截是通过实现和定义interceptor来实现的(与EJB3的interceptor几乎一致)。
package org.ccsoft.mc.samples;
import org.ccsoft.mc.core.Interceptor;
import org.ccsoft.mc.core.InvocationContext;
public class HelloServiceInterceptor implements Interceptor {
public HelloServiceInterceptor() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public Object invoke(InvocationContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("before method:"+ctx.getMethod());
//invoke the method
Object ret=ctx.proceed();
System.out.println("after method");
//modify the result
return (String)ret+"[exist interceptor]";
}
}
配置如下
<
component
name
=
"helloService"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloServiceImpl"
>
<
service
interface
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloService"
>
<
interceptor
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.HelloServiceInterceptor"
/>
</
service
>
<
property
name
=
"greeting"
value
=
"Hi"
/>
<
property
name
=
"date"
value
=
"2008-05-08 15:00:00"
/>
</
component
>
可以通过InvocationContext对象来激活被拦截的对象的方法,通过该对象还可以获得当前被拦截的方法的方法名及传入的参数。
Mini-container可以于Spring进行整合,从而获得更加完善和强大的功能,可以在spring中使用Mini-Container的组件。
配置示例:
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
beans
xmlns
=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi
=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation
=
"
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"
>
<
bean
id
=
"springSpeaker"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.support.spring.SaySometingSpringBeanImpl"
>
<
property
name
=
"speaker"
ref
=
"miniSpeaker"
/>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
=
"miniContainerBridge"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.support.spring.MiniContainerBridge"
>
<
property
name
=
"configFile"
value
=
"first.xml"
/>
</
bean
>
<
bean
id
=
"miniSpeaker"
class
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.support.spring.MiniContainerComponentFactory"
>
<
property
name
=
"service"
value
=
"org.ccsoft.mc.samples.SaySomething"