//=====================================================================
//Title:JFreeChart入门指南
//Author:谢莫锋 Email:yyxmf111@sogou.com QQ:35814522
//=====================================================================
一、JFreeChart获取。
JFreeChart是JFreeChart公司在开源网站SourceForge.net上的一个项目,该公司的主要产品有如下:
1、JFreeReport:报表解决工具
2、JFreeChart:Java图形解决方案(Application/Applet/Servlet/Jsp)
3、JCommon:JFreeReport和JFreeChart的公共类库
4、JFreeDesigner:JFreeReport的报表设计工具
我们可以从jfree官方网站上获取最新版本和相关资料(但是jfree的document需要40美金才能获取),
获取地址:http://www.jfree.org/jfreechart/index.html(同时可以获得简明介绍)
我们以当前最新版本:jfreechart_0.9.21.zip为例子进行说明。
二、JFreeChart配置安装
1、解压jfreechart_0.9.21.zip到指定位置,其中source是jfreechart的源码,jfreechart-0.9.21-demo.jar
是例子程序(该部分留给大家自己去研究)
2、为了配置成功,我们需要关注的文件有如下三个:jfreechart-0.9.21.jar、lib/jcommon-0.9.6.jar、
lib/gnujaxp.jar
3、如果是Application开发,把上述三个文件拷贝到%JAVA_HOME%/LIB中,同时在环境变量CLASSPATH中加入
如果是WEB开发,以TOMCAT中的一个WEB项目TEST为例子说明:
把上述三个文件拷贝到TEST/WEB-INF/LIB中,然后修改TEST/WEB-INF/web.xml文件,在其中加入如下代码:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DisplayChart</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.jfree.chart.servlet.DisplayChart</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DisplayChart</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/DisplayChart</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
至此jfreechart的配置就完成了,下面就可以进行jfreechart的开发了。这里值得提出的是jfreechart的类
结构设计前后兼容性不是很好,不同版本的jfreechart中类库结构可能不一样,有时候可能需要查源码。如果
是中文显示的时候可能依据观感需要改变源码的字体,不过我个人觉得这个版本比以前版本要好一些。
三、JFreeChart功能介绍
JFreeChart目前是最好的java图形解决方案,基本能够解决目前的图形方面的需求,主要包括如下几个方面:
pie charts (2D and 3D):饼图(平面和立体)
bar charts (regular and stacked, with an optional 3D effect):柱状图
line and area charts:曲线图
scatter plots and bubble charts
time series, high/low/open/close charts and candle stick charts:时序图
combination charts:复合图
Pareto charts
Gantt charts:甘特图
wind plots, meter charts and symbol charts
wafer map charts
(态图表,饼图(二维和三维) , 柱状图 (水平,垂直),线图,点图,时间变化图,甘特图, 股票行情图,混和图, 温度计图, 刻度图等常用商用图表)
图形可以导出成PNG和JPEG格式,同时还可以与PDF和EXCEL关联
JFreeChart核心类库介绍:
研究jfreechart源码发现源码的主要由两个大的包组成:org.jfree.chart,org.jfree.data。其中前者主要与图形
本身有关,后者与图形显示的数据有关。具体研究如果大家有兴趣的话可以自己研究,以后有时间我会告诉大家怎么去
研究源码。
核心类主要有:
org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart:图表对象,任何类型的图表的最终表现形式都是在该对象进行一些属性的定制。JFreeChart引擎本身提供了一个工厂类用于创建不同类型的图表对象
org.jfree.data.category.XXXDataSet:数据集对象,用于提供显示图表所用的数据。根据不同类型的图表对应着很多类型的数据集对象类
org.jfree.chart.plot.XXXPlot:图表区域对象,基本上这个对象决定着什么样式的图表,创建该对象的时候需要Axis、Renderer以及数据集对象的支持
org.jfree.chart.axis.XXXAxis:用于处理图表的两个轴:纵轴和横轴
org.jfree.chart.render.XXXRender:负责如何显示一个图表对象
org.jfree.chart.urls.XXXURLGenerator:用于生成Web图表中每个项目的鼠标点击链接
XXXXXToolTipGenerator:用于生成图象的帮助提示,不同类型图表对应不同类型的工具提示类
四、JFreeChart开发(Application/Applet)
1、pie charts,代码如下
/**
* Description:This application is the first jfreechart
* authort:谢莫锋
* Datetime:20058-02-11
*/
package demo;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFrame;
import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;
public class FirstJFreeChart {
public FirstJFreeChart() {
}
public static void main(String[] args){
DefaultPieDataset dpd = new DefaultPieDataset();
dpd.setValue("管理人员",25);
dpd.setValue("市场人员",25);
dpd.setValue("开发人员",45);
dpd.setValue("其他人员",5);
//Create JFreeChart object
//参数可以查看源码
JFreeChart pieChart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("CityInfoPort公司组织架构图",dpd,true,true,false);
ChartFrame pieFrame = new ChartFrame("CityInfoPort公司组织架构图",pieChart);
pieFrame.pack();
pieFrame.setVisible(true);
}
}
上面例子可以进一步改进,如下:
/**
* Description:This application is the first jfreechart
* authort:谢莫锋
* Datetime:20058-02-11
*/
package com.cityinforport.demo;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFrame;
import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;
import org.jfree.data.general.PieDataset;
import org.jfree.ui.ApplicationFrame;
import org.jfree.ui.RefineryUtilities;
import java.awt.Font;
import javax.swing.*;
public class FirstJFreeChart extends ApplicationFrame {
//构造函数
public FirstJFreeChart(String s){
super(s);
setContentPane(createDemoPanel());
}
public static void main(String[] args){
FirstJFreeChart fjc = new FirstJFreeChart("CityInfoPort公司组织架构图");
fjc.pack();
RefineryUtilities.centerFrameOnScreen(fjc);
fjc.setVisible(true);
}
//生成饼图数据集对象
public static PieDataset createDataset(){
DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset();
defaultpiedataset.setValue("管理人员",10.02D);
defaultpiedataset.setValue("市场人员",20.23D);
defaultpiedataset.setValue("开发人员",60.02D);
defaultpiedataset.setValue("OEM人员",10.02D);
defaultpiedataset.setValue("其他人员",5.11D);
return defaultpiedataset;
}
//生成图表主对象JFreeChart
public static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset){
//定义图表对象
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("CityInfoPort公司组织架构图",piedataset,true,true,false);
//获得图表显示对象
PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot)jfreechart.getPlot();
//设置图表标签字体
pieplot.setLabelFont(new Font("SansSerif",Font.BOLD,12));
pieplot.setNoDataMessage("No data available");
pieplot.setCircular(true);
pieplot.setLabelGap(0.01D);//间距
return jfreechart;
}
//生成显示图表的面板
public static JPanel createDemoPanel(){
JFreeChart jfreechart = createChart(createDataset());
return new ChartPanel(jfreechart);
}
package com.cityinforport.demo;
/**
* =============================================================
* JFreeChart开发:利用JFreeChart开发实时曲线
* =============================================================
* Description:该例子演示了单条曲线的简单使用方法
* Original Author:谢莫锋 QQ:35814522 EMAIL:xmf3000@126.com created by 2005-02-28
*
* Changes:
* -------------------------------------------------------------
* 2005-03-01 增加线程调用 by xmf
* 2005-03-02 界面调整 by xmf
* -------------------------------------------------------------
*/
//导入java2d包
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.PrintStream;
//导入jfreechart包(chart)
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.ValueAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
//导入jfreechart包(data)
import org.jfree.data.time.*;
import org.jfree.data.xy.XYDataset;
//导入jfreechart包(ui)
import org.jfree.ui.ApplicationFrame;
import org.jfree.ui.RefineryUtilities;
public class TimeSeriesDemo1 extends JFrame implements Runnable,ActionListener{
//时序图数据集
private TimeSeries timeseries;
//Value坐标轴初始值
private double lastValue;
static Class class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond;
static Thread thread1;
public static void main(String[] args){
TimeSeriesDemo1 TimeSeriesDemo1 = new TimeSeriesDemo1();
TimeSeriesDemo1.pack();
RefineryUtilities.centerFrameOnScreen(TimeSeriesDemo1);
TimeSeriesDemo1.setVisible(true);
startThread();
}
public void run(){
while(true){
try{
//根据实际需要在此处加入需要执行的代码
double d = 0.9D + 0.2D * Math.random();
lastValue = lastValue * d;
Millisecond millisecond = new Millisecond();
System.out.println("Now=" + millisecond.toString());
timeseries.add(millisecond, lastValue);
Thread.sleep(300);
}catch(InterruptedException e){}
}
}
public static void startThread(){
thread1.start();
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
if(e.getActionCommand().equals("EXIT")){
thread1.destroy();
System.exit(0);
}
}
public TimeSeriesDemo1(){
//super(new BorderLayout());
thread1 = new Thread(this);
lastValue = 100D;
//创建时序图对象
timeseries = new TimeSeries("Random Data",TimeSeriesDemo1.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond != null ? TimeSeriesDemo1.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond : (TimeSeriesDemo1.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond = TimeSeriesDemo1.getClass("org.jfree.data.time.Millisecond")));
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection(timeseries);
//创建图表面板
ChartPanel chartpanel = new ChartPanel(createChart(timeseriescollection));
chartpanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,270));
JPanel jpanel = new JPanel();
jpanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4,4,4,4));//边距为4
JButton jbutton = new JButton("退出");
jbutton.setActionCommand("EXIT");
jbutton.addActionListener(this);
jpanel.add(jbutton);
getContentPane().add(chartpanel);
getContentPane().add(jpanel,"South");
}
private JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset){
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart("时序图例子","时间","温度值",xydataset,true,true,false);
XYPlot xyplot = jfreechart.getXYPlot();
//纵坐标设定
ValueAxis valueaxis = xyplot.getDomainAxis();
valueaxis.setAutoRange(true);
valueaxis.setFixedAutoRange(60000D);
valueaxis = xyplot.getRangeAxis();
valueaxis.setRange(0.0D,200D);
return jfreechart;
}
static Class getClass(String s){
Class cls = null;
try{
cls = Class.forName(s);
}catch(ClassNotFoundException cnfe){
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(cnfe.getMessage());
}
return cls;
}
}
===============================================
package com.cityinforport.demo;
/**
* =============================================================
* JFreeChart开发:利用JFreeChart开发实时曲线
* =============================================================
* Description:该例子演示了多条曲线的简单使用方法
* Original Author:xmf created by 2005-03-03
*
* Changes:
* -------------------------------------------------------------
* 在此处注明修改日期、修改点、修改人
* -------------------------------------------------------------
*/
//导入java2d包
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.PrintStream;
//导入jfreechart包(chart)
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.ValueAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.DefaultXYItemRenderer;
//导入jfreechart包(data)
import org.jfree.data.time.*;
import org.jfree.data.xy.XYDataset;
//导入jfreechart包(ui)
import org.jfree.ui.*;
public class TimeSeriesDemo2 extends JFrame implements Runnable,ActionListener{
//申明实时曲线对象
private TimeSeries timeseries1;
private TimeSeries timeseries2;
//Value坐标轴初始值
private double lastValue1,lastValue2;
private double originalValue1,originalValue2;
static Class class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond;
static Thread thread1;
public static void main(String[] args){
TimeSeriesDemo2 TimeSeriesDemo2 = new TimeSeriesDemo2();
TimeSeriesDemo2.pack();
RefineryUtilities.centerFrameOnScreen(TimeSeriesDemo2);
TimeSeriesDemo2.setVisible(true);
startThread();
}
public void run(){
while(true){
try{
//说明:在此处添加具体的业务数据
//随机产生曲线1的数据
double d1 = 2.0D * Math.random();
lastValue1 = originalValue1 * d1;
Millisecond millisecond1 = new Millisecond();
System.out.println("Series1 Now=" + millisecond1.toString());
timeseries1.add(millisecond1, lastValue1);
//随机产生曲线2的数据
double d2 = 2.0D * Math.random();
lastValue2 = originalValue2 * d2;
Millisecond millisecond2 = new Millisecond();
System.out.println("Series2 Now=" + millisecond2.toString());
timeseries2.add(millisecond2,lastValue2);
Thread.sleep(500);
}catch(InterruptedException e){}
}
}
public static void startThread(){
thread1.start();
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
if(e.getActionCommand().equals("EXIT")){
thread1.interrupt();
System.exit(0);
}
}
public TimeSeriesDemo2(){
thread1 = new Thread(this);
originalValue1 = 100D;
originalValue2 = 100D;
//创建时序图对象
timeseries1 = new TimeSeries("热风温1",TimeSeriesDemo2.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond != null ? TimeSeriesDemo2.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond : (TimeSeriesDemo2.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond = TimeSeriesDemo2.getClass("org.jfree.data.time.Millisecond")));
timeseries2 = new TimeSeries("热风温2",TimeSeriesDemo2.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond != null ? TimeSeriesDemo2.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond : (TimeSeriesDemo2.class$org$jfree$data$time$Millisecond = TimeSeriesDemo2.getClass("org.jfree.data.time.Millisecond")));
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection(timeseries1);
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection1 = new TimeSeriesCollection(timeseries2);
//创建jfreechart对象
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart("RTU温度模拟量实时曲线图","Time","Value",
timeseriescollection,true,true,false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
//设定显示风格
XYPlot xyplot = jfreechart.getXYPlot();
xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);
xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white);
xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
xyplot.setAxisOffset(new Spacer(1, 4D, 4D, 4D, 4D));
ValueAxis valueaxis = xyplot.getDomainAxis();
valueaxis.setAutoRange(true);
valueaxis.setFixedAutoRange(60000D);
//设定Value的范围
valueaxis = xyplot.getRangeAxis();
valueaxis.setRange(0.0D,200D);
xyplot.setDataset(1, timeseriescollection1);
xyplot.setRenderer(1,new DefaultXYItemRenderer());
//创建图表面板
ChartPanel chartpanel = new ChartPanel(jfreechart);
getContentPane().add(chartpanel);
//根据需要添加操作按钮
this.setTitle("RTU实时曲线");
JPanel jpanel = new JPanel();
jpanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4,4,4,4));//边距为4
JButton jbutton = new JButton("退出");
jbutton.setActionCommand("EXIT");
jbutton.addActionListener(this);
jpanel.add(jbutton);
getContentPane().add(jpanel,"South");
chartpanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,270));
}
static Class getClass(String s){
Class cls = null;
try{
cls = Class.forName(s);
}catch(ClassNotFoundException cnfe){
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(cnfe.getMessage());
}
return cls;
}
}
}
带续..........稍后内容更加精彩