redis从入门到精通（二）———key操作

一、通用key操作

在redis里允许模糊查询key，有三个通配符：*，?，[]

先插入几个key

127.0.0.1:6379> set site www.zixue.com

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> set age 29

OK

同时插入多个

127.0.0.1:6379> mset one 1 two 2 three 3 four 4

1）精确查询

127.0.0.1:6379> keys one

1) "one"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys a

(empty array)

2）模糊查询

通配符 *

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "age"

2) "one"

3) "four"

4) "three"

5) "two"

6) "site"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys o*

1) "one"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *o

1) "two"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *n*

1) "one"

 

通配符 ？

127.0.0.1:6379> keys ???

1) "age"

2) "one"

3) "two"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys ????

1) "four"

2) "site"

127.0.0.1:6379

127.0.0.1:6379> keys ?n?

1) "one"

 

通配符 []

127.0.0.1:6379> keys o[a]e

(empty array)

127.0.0.1:6379> keys o[n]e

1) "one"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys o[an]e

1) "one"

 

二、随机查询randomkey

127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey

"site"

127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey

"site"

127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey

"age"

 

三、Type key

返回key存储值的类型

有string，link，set，order set，hash

127.0.0.1:6379> type age

string

 

四、Exists key

判断某个key是否存在，返回1/0

127.0.0.1:6379> exists one

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> exists aa

integer) 0

 

五、Del key1 key2 …keyn

删除1个活多个键

返回值：不存在的key忽略掉，返回真正删除的key的数量

127.0.0.1:6379> del one two

(integer) 2

127.0.0.1:6379> del age a b

(integer) 1

 

六、Rename key newkey

把key改为newkey

注：如果newykey已存在则newkey的原值被覆盖

127.0.0.1:6379> rename age ages

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "four"

2) "three"

3) "site"

4) "ages"

 

127.0.0.1:6379> rename age ages

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "four"

2) "three"

3) "site"

4) "ages"

七、Renamenx key newkey

把key改成newkey

发生修改返回1，未发生修改返回0

注释：nx à not exists即，newkey不存在时做改名动作

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"29"

127.0.0.1:6379> get three

"3

127.0.0.1:6379> renamenx age three

(integer) 0

 

八、Select db

切换redis库，默认0库

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "age"

2) "four"

3) "three"

4) "site"

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1

OK

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

(empty array)

 

九、Move key db

移动key到其他库

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "age"

2) "four"

3) "three"

4) "site"

127.0.0.1:6379> move age 1

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "four"

2) "three"

3) "site"

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1

OK

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "age"

 

十、Ttl key

查询key的生命期，返回秒数

Pttl key 返回毫秒

注意：对于不存在的key或已经过期的key、不过期的key都返回-1；redis2.8中不存在的key返回-2

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "age"

2) "four"

3) "three"

4) "site"

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) -1

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl a

(integer) -2

127.0.0.1:6379> set age 29

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> pexpire age 9621

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 6487

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 4543

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 3118

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 1848

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 448

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) -2

 

十一、Expire key 整型值

设置key过期时间，秒级

Pexpire key 整型数 毫秒级

127.0.0.1:6379> expire age 10

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"29"

127.0.0.1:6379>

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"29"

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"29"

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"29"

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

(nil)

 

127.0.0.1:6379> set age 29

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> pexpire age 9621

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 6487

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 4543

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 3118

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 1848

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) 448

127.0.0.1:6379> pttl age

(integer) -2

十二、Persist key

把指定的key永久有效

127.0.0.1:6379> set age 29

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> expire age 9621

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) 9613

127.0.0.1:6379> persist age

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) -1

 

十三、flushdb

清空本库

十四、flushall

清空redis