NSFileManager文件和文件夹的操作

NSFileManager的文件操作

上面中简单的介绍了数据存储,但是在获取数据,要存储时,一般需要创建一个单独的文件或者文件夹报保存你要存储的数据,所以要介绍一下NSFileManager,这个很重要,在日常开发中会经常使用到这个类

NSFileManager用法

• NSFileManager使用了单例模式
  • 使用defaultManager方法可以获得那个单例对象 objc [NSFileManager defaultManager]

1.文件/文件夹判断

1 - 判断文件或者文件夹是否存在 - (BOOL)fileExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path

NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *path = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/timg.jpeg";
    if ([manager fileExistsAtPath:path]) {
        NSLog(@"存在");
    }else{
        NSLog(@"不存在");
    }

2 - 判断文件或者文件夹是否存在,isDirectory代表是否为文件夹
- (BOOL)fileExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path isDirectory:(BOOL *)isDirectory;

 NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *path = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/100";
    //
    BOOL isdir = NO;
    //isDirectory 传入的是一个内存地址,如果这个文件夹真是存在就是yes,如果不存在就是NO
    BOOL isSuc = [manager fileExistsAtPath:path isDirectory:&isdir];
    
    NSLog(@"%@---%@",isSuc == YES?@"yes":@"NO",isdir == YES ?@"yes":@"no");
    
    打印结果:yes----yes

3- 下面的方法和上面的是一样 不做例子

• - (BOOL)isReadableFileAtPath:(NSString *)path;

  • path这个文件\文件夹是否可读

• - (BOOL)isWritableFileAtPath:(NSString *)path;

  • path这个文件\文件夹是否可写
  • 系统目录不允许写入

• - (BOOL)isDeletableFileAtPath:(NSString *)path;

  • path这个文件\文件夹是否可删除
  • 系统目录不允许删除

2.文件的访问

1- 获取文件/文件夹的属性(比如:名称,创建日期,大小,修改时间)
- (NSDictionary *)attributesOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error;

  NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
     NSString *path = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/timg.jpeg";
    NSDictionary *fileInfo = [manager attributesOfItemAtPath:path error:nil];
    NSLog(@"%@",fileInfo);
    
    //打印结果
    
    {
    //创建的日期
    NSFileCreationDate = "2019-02-12 14:39:02 +0000";
    //属性字典对象
    NSFileExtendedAttributes =     {
        "com.apple.lastuseddate#PS" = <8162885c 00000000 64cd143b 00000000>;
        "com.apple.metadata:_kMDItemUserTags" = <62706c69 73743030 a0080000 00000000 01010000 00000000 00010000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0009>;
        "com.apple.metadata:kMDItemWhereFroms" = 03f8>;
        "com.apple.quarantine" = <30303833 3b356336 32646138 623b4368 726f6d65 3b434446 39344535 442d4330 43432d34 3844312d 38463034 2d453234 36374430 38414131 45>;
    };
    NSFileExtensionHidden = 0;
    NSFileGroupOwnerAccountID = 20;
    NSFileGroupOwnerAccountName = staff;
    //修改时间
    NSFileModificationDate = "2019-02-12 14:39:02 +0000";
    NSFileOwnerAccountID = 501;
    NSFilePosixPermissions = 420;
    NSFileReferenceCount = 1;
    //文件大小
    NSFileSize = 49881;
    NSFileSystemFileNumber = 8595530012;
    NSFileSystemNumber = 16777220;
    NSFileType = NSFileTypeRegular;

2-获取文件内存 NSData数据
- (NSData *)contentsAtPath:(NSString *)path;
+ 获得文件内容

    NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
     NSString *path = @"/Users/lijunchao/Desktop/timg.jpeg";
 
    NSData *contents = [manager contentsAtPath:path];
    
    NSLog(@"%@",contents);
  

3 - 获取当前path的所有文件(包含子文件夹,但是不会包含子文件夹里面的内容)
`- (NSArray *)contentsOfDirectoryAtP

    NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
     NSString *path = @"/Users/lijunchao/Desktop/100";
  
   NSArray *contents = [manager contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:path error:nil];
    
    NSLog(@"%@",contents);


 (
    abc, //abc子文件夹,没有子文件夹里面的内容
    ".DS_Store",
    "IMG_1436.PNG",
    "31.txt"
)

4 - 获取所有文件或者文件夹
- (NSArray *)subpathsAtPath:(NSString *)path;
- (NSArray *)subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error;

   NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
   NSString *path = @"/Users/lijunchao/Desktop/100";
  
   NSArray *contents = [manager subpathsAtPath:path];
    NSLog(@"%@",contents);
    
    //打印结果:获取到子文件夹里面的内容

(
    abc,
    "abc/KVC\U548cKVO\U7684\U4ecb\U7ecd.md",
    ".DS_Store",
    "IMG_1436.PNG",
    "31.txt"
)

3.NSFileManager的文件操作

1- 文件的拷贝
- (BOOL)copyItemAtPath:(NSString *)srcPath toPath:(NSString *)dstPath error:(NSError **)error;

  NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
	//需要注意是路径,在copy的到toPath的时候文件是不存在的,
  NSString *path = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/timg.jpeg";
  NSString *toPath = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/100/timg.jpeg";
  
  NSError *error = nil;
  BOOL isSuc = [manager copyItemAtPath:path toPath:toPath error:&error];
    
  NSLog(@"%@",error.description);
 NSLog(@"%@",(isSuc == YES?@"copy成功":@"失败"));

2- 文件的移动(剪切)
- (BOOL)moveItemAtPath:(NSString *)srcPath toPath:(NSString *)dstPath error:(NSError **)error;

NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

      NSString *path = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/timg.jpeg";
    NSString *toPath = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/100/timg.jpeg";

    BOOL isSuc = [manager moveItemAtPath:path toPath:toPath error:nil];
    
    NSLog(@"%@",(isSuc == YES?@"copy成功":@"失败"));

3- 文件的删除
- (BOOL)removeItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error;

  NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
   NSString *toPath = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/100/timg.jpeg";
   BOOL isSuc = [manager removeItemAtPath:toPath error:nil];
    NSLog(@"%@",(isSuc == YES?@"删除成功":@"失败"));

4- 文件夹的创建
- (BOOL)createDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path withIntermediateDirectories:(BOOL)createIntermediates attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes error:(NSError **)error;
创建文件夹(createIntermediates为YES代表自动创建中间的文件夹)

 NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

    NSString *toPath = @"/Users/it001/Desktop/100/CC/timg.jpeg";

    BOOL isSuc = [manager createDirectoryAtPath:toPath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
    
   NSLog(@"%@",(isSuc == YES?@"创建成功":@"失败"));

重要

5- 文件的创建
- (BOOL)createFileAtPath:(NSString *)path contents:(NSData *)data attributes:(NSDictionary *)attr;
创建文件(NSData是用来存储二进制字节数据的)

 NSString *str = @"CC";
 //转化二进制数据 转码
    NSData  *data = [str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    //创建文件
    BOOL isSuc = [manager createFileAtPath:@"/Users/it001/Desktop/100/abc.txt" contents:data attributes:nil];
     NSLog(@"%@",(isSuc == YES?@"创建成功":@"失败"));