C++ Any类型实现

C++ Any类型实现

     在java或c#中，Object类型对象可以指向任意类型的变量，因为所有的类默认都从Object类继承。但是在c++中，没有类似Object类这样的类型，而很多时候，为了设计出通用的程序，往往需要类似于Object类型作为参数或者返回值。

    

class any
{
public: // structors

    any()
        : content(0)
    {
    }

    template<typename ValueType>
    any(const ValueType & value)
        : content(new holder<ValueType>(value))
    {
    }

    any(const any & other)
        : content(other.content ? other.content->clone() : 0)
    {
    }

    ~any()
    {
        delete content;
    }

public: // modifiers

    any & swap(any & rhs)
    {
        std::swap(content, rhs.content);
        return *this;
    }

    template<typename ValueType>
    any & operator=(const ValueType & rhs)
    {
        any(rhs).swap(*this);
        return *this;
    }

    any & operator=(any rhs)
    {
        rhs.swap(*this);
        return *this;
    }

public: // queries

    bool empty() const
    {
        return !content;
    }

    const std::type_info & type() const
    {
        return content ? content->type() : typeid(void);
    }

public: // types (public so any_cast can be non-friend)

    class placeholder
    {
    public: // structors

        virtual ~placeholder()
        {
        }

    public: // queries

        virtual const std::type_info & type() const = 0;

        virtual placeholder * clone() const = 0;

    };

    template<typename ValueType>
    class holder : public placeholder
    {
    public: // structors

        holder(const ValueType & value)
            : held(value)
        {
        }

    public: // queries

        virtual const std::type_info & type() const
        {
            return typeid(ValueType);
        }

        virtual placeholder * clone() const
        {
            return new holder(held);
        }

    public: // representation

        ValueType held;

    private: // intentionally left unimplemented
        holder & operator=(const holder &);
    };

public: // representation (public so any_cast can be non-friend)

    placeholder * content;

};

template<typename ValueType>  
ValueType any_cast(const any& operand)  
{  
    assert(operand.type() == typeid(ValueType));  
    return static_cast<any::holder<ValueType> *>(operand.content)->held;
}

参考链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/feixue/p/boost-any.html