斐波那契数列的求和示例
package com.cxl.algorithm;
/**
* 斐波那契数列
*
*/
public class FibonacciSequenceTest {
private static final int a1 = 1;//第一项默认值
private static final int a2 = 2;//第二项默认值
public static void main(String[] args) {
//递归
System.out.println("递归求和:" + FibonacciSequenceTest.getSumByFibonacciSequence(45));
//迭代
System.out.println("迭代求和:" + FibonacciSequenceTest.getSumByNonRecursive(45));
}
/**
* 斐波那契数列求和:迭代
* @return
*/
public static int getSumByNonRecursive(int n) {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if(n == 1) {
return a1;
}
int sum = a1 + a2;
if(n == 2) {
return sum;
}
int firstNum = a1;
int secondNum = a2;
int lastNum = 0;
for(int i = 3; i <= n ;i++) {
//迭代关系(an = an-2 + an-1; an-2=an-1; an-1=an;)
lastNum = firstNum + secondNum;
firstNum = secondNum;
secondNum = lastNum;
sum += lastNum;
}
System.out.println("迭代求和耗时:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "ms");//0ms
return sum;
}
/**
* 斐波那契数列前n项和(sn = a1 + a2+...+ an) 递归
* @return
*/
public static int getSumByFibonacciSequence(int n) {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if(n == 1) {
return a1;
}
int sum = 1;
int lastNum = 0;
for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
lastNum = FibonacciSequenceTest.getLastNum(i);
sum += lastNum;
}
System.out.println("递归求和耗时:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "ms");//14839ms
return sum;
}
/**
* 递归:第n项的值(递推公式:an = a(n - 1) + a(n - 2))
* 1 2 3 5 8 13 21
* @param n
* @return
*/
public static int getLastNum(int n) {
if(n == 1) {
return a1;
}
if(n == 2) {
return a2;
}
int lastListNum = getLastNum(n - 1) + getLastNum(n - 2);
return lastListNum;
}
}
数列求和:1 + 1/2! + 1/3! + 1/4! + 1/5! + ... + 1/50!
package com.cxl.algorithm;
public class SquenceTest {
/**
* 求和:1 + 1/2! + 1/3! + 1/4! + 1/5! + ... + 1/50!
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("递归求和:" + SquenceTest.getSquenceSum(50));
System.out.println("迭代求和:" + getSequenceSumByInterator(50));
}
/**
* 递归求和
* @param n
* @return
*/
public static double getSquenceSum(int n) {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if(n == 1) {
return 1d;
}
double sum = 1d;
double a = 1d;
for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
long num = getSquenceValueByRecurvise(i);
sum += a / num;
}
System.out.println("递归求和耗时:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "ms");//0ms
return sum;
}
/**
* 递归方式
* @param n
* @return
*/
public static long getSquenceValueByRecurvise(int n) {
if(n == 1) {
return 1;
}
long squenceValue = n * getSquenceValueByRecurvise(n-1);
return squenceValue;
}
/**
* 迭代求和
*/
public static double getSequenceSumByInterator(int n) {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if(n == 1) {
return 1d;
}
double sum = 1d;
double a = 1d;
long beforeSeqValue = 1;
long nextSeqValue = 0;
for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++ ) {
//迭代关系(an = n * a(n-1) an-1 = an;)
nextSeqValue = i * beforeSeqValue;//相当于数学中的递推公式
beforeSeqValue = nextSeqValue;
sum += a / nextSeqValue;
}
/*while(n > 1) {
nextSeqValue = n * beforeSeqValue;
beforeSeqValue = nextSeqValue;
n--;
}*/
System.out.println("迭代求和耗时:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "ms");//0ms
return sum;
}
}
总结:递归效率相对较低,优先使用迭代,无法使用迭代,则使用递归