特点
大小写敏感;
不可改变,先到先得,谁先设定,之后的都不能改变。
怎样设置
1 、设置 name 和 value 属性值,比如: <property name="srcdir" value="${basedir}/src"/>
2 、 设置 name 和 refid 属性值,比如: <property name="srcpath" refid="dao.compile.classpath"/> ,其中 dao.compile.classpath 在别的地方定义。
3 、设置 name 和 location 属性值,比如: <property name="srcdir" location="src"/> ,即将 srcdir 的值设 置为:当前项目根目录的 /src 目录。
4 、设置 file 属性值,比如: <property file="build.properties"/> , 导入 build.properties 属性文件中的属性值
5 、设置 resource 属性值,比如: <propety resource="build.properties"/>, 导入 build.properties 属性文件中的属性值
6 、设置 url 属性值,比如: <property url="http://www.blogjava.net/wiflish/build.properties"/>, 导入 http://www.blogjava.net/wiflish/build.properties 属性文件中的属性值。
7 、设置环境变量,比如: <property environment="env"/> ,设置系统的环境变量为前缀 env.
<property name="tomcat.home" value="${env.CATALINA_HOME}"/> 将系统的 tomcat 安装目录设置到 tomcat.home 属性中。
内置属性
Ant’s built-in properties:
basedir | The absolute path of the project’s basedir. |
ant.file | The absolute path of the buildfile. |
ant.version | The version of Ant. |
ant.project.name | The name of the project that is currently executing. |
ant.project.default-target | The name of the currently executing project’s default target. |
ant.project.invoked-targets | A comma separated list of the targets that have been specified on the command line when invoking the current. |
ant.java.version | The JVM version Ant detected. |
ant.core.lib | The absolute path of the ant.jar file. |
System properties
java.version | Java Runtime Environment version |
java.vendor | Java Runtime Environment vendor |
java.vendor.url | Java vendor URL |
java.home | Java installation directory |
java.vm.specification.version | Java Virtual Machine specification version |
java.vm.specification.vendor | Java Virtual Machine specification vendor |
Java Virtual Machine specification name | |
java.vm.version | Java Virtual Machine implementation version |
java.vm.vendor | Java Virtual Machine implementation vendor |
java.vm.name | Java Virtual Machine implementation name |
java.specification.version | Java Runtime Environment specification version |
java.specification.vendor | Java Runtime Environment specification vendor |
java.specification.name | Java Runtime Environment specification name |
java.class.version | Java class format version number |
java.class.path | Java class path |
java.library.path | List of paths to search when loading libraries |
java.io.tmpdir | Default temp file path |
java.compiler | Name of JIT compiler to use |
java.ext.dirs | Path of extension directory or directories |
os.name | Operating system name |
os.arch | Operating system architecture |
os.version | Operating system version |
file.separator | File separator ("/" on UNIX) |
path.separator | Path separator (":" on UNIX) |
line.separator | Line separator ("\n" on UNIX) |
user.name | User's account name |
user.home | User's home directory |
user.dir | User's current working directory |
用法
${key_name},如:${os.name},它将得到当前操作系统的名称。
需注意
1. 内置属性basedir
-- 不需要定义就可以直接使用,${basedir},得到当前工程的绝对路径
-- 当在<project>标签的basedir属性中指定basedir时,之后工程中出现的所有相对路径都是相对于这个basedir所指向的路径,且${basedir}的值也将变为<project>标签中的basedir属性所指定的值。
2. property的不变性在使用<available><ant><antcall>时会被打破
3. 可以在命令行通过-DpropertyName=propertyValue的方式指定property,注意,-D于propertyName之间没有空格,使用这种方式指定的属性最先被赋值,它是在执行build文件之前就已经赋值了的。
Q&A
How can I do something like <property name="prop" value="${${anotherprop}}"/>
(double expanding the property)?
Without any external help you can not.
With <script/>, which needs external libraries, you can do
<script language="javascript"> propname = project.getProperty("anotherprop"); project.setNewProperty("prop", propname); </script>
With AntContrib (external task library) you can do <propertycopy name="prop" from="${anotherprop}"/>
.
With Ant 1.6 you can simulate the AntContribs <propertycopy> and avoid the need of an external library:
<macrodef name="propertycopy"> <attribute name="name"/> <attribute name="from"/> <sequential> <property name="@{name}" value="${@{from}}"/> </sequential> </macrodef>
With the 'props' antlib (external, but also from Ant) you could do the dereferencing with ${${anotherprop}
- not just in the property task - instead everywhere in your buildfile (after registering the required property helper).
<propertyhelper> <props:nested /> </propertyhelper> <property name="foo" value="foo.value" /> <property name="var" value="foo" /> <echo> ${${var}} = foo.value </echo>
With Flaka (external Ant Plugin) you could do the dereferencing with #{${anotherprop}}
- not just in flaka tasks, but all tasks after installing flaka's property handler.
<project xmlns:fl="antlib:it.haefelinger.flaka"> <fl:install-property-handler/> <property name="foo" value="foo.value"/> <property name="var" value="foo" /> <property name="buildtype" value="test"/> <property name="appserv_test" value="//testserver"/> <echo> #{${var}} = foo.value <!-- nested property --> #{appserv_${buildtype}} </echo> </project>